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            英語短語

            英語短語的類型

            時間:2025-02-17 04:35:49 賽賽 英語短語 我要投稿

            英語短語的類型

              短語由一個頭(也稱為詞首)和一個或多個可選的修飾語組成,一個短語還可以包含其他短語組成。以下是小編整理的英語短語的類型,希望對大家有所幫助。

            英語短語的類型

              1. to do 結構題

              ask sb. to do sth. 請(叫)某人做某事

              tell sb to do sth. 請(叫)某人做某事

              help sb ( to) do sth. 協助做某事

              want sb to do sth. 想要做某事

              wish sb to do sth. 希望做某事

              invite sb. to do sth. 約請某人做某事

              drive sb. to do sth. 驅使某人做某事

              expect sb. to do sth. 希冀某人做某事

              forbid sb. to do sth. 制止某人做某事

              force sb. to do sth. 強迫某人做某事

              hope to do sth. 希望做某事

              offer to do sth. 自動提出做某事

              plan to do sth. 方案做某事

              prepare to do sth. 預備做某事

              pretend to do sth. 偽裝做某事

              promise to do sth. 容許做某事

              refuse to do sth. 回絕做某事

              fail to do sth. 未能做某事

              happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事

              need sb to do sth. 需要某人做某事

              need doing =need to be done. 某事需要被做

              advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事

              advise doing sth. 建議做某事

              allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事

              allow doing sth. 允許某人做某事

              2. -ing 結構

              consider doing sth. 思索做某事

              enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事

              escape doing sth. 逃脫做某事

              finish doing sth. 完成做某事

              give up doing sth. 保持做某事

              imagine doing sth. 想象做某事

              mind doing sth. 介意做某事

              practice doing sth. 練習做某事

              prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事

              put off doing sth. 推延做某事

              risk doing sth. 冒險做某事

              forbid doing sth. 制止做某事

              forgive doing sth. 原諒做某事

              3. 既 +to 又 +ing

              remember to do sth. 記住去做某事,表示這件事情還沒有做

              remember doing sth. 記得做過某事

              forget to do sth. 忘記要去做某事。 (未做)

              forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事。 (已做)

              regret to do sth. 遺憾地(要)做某事 (還未做呢)

              regret doing sth. 后悔做過某事(已經做過了)

              try to do sth. 努力做謀事,盡力做某事,但不一定成功

              try doing sth. 試圖做謀事

              stop to do 表示停止現在在做的事情,開始做另外一件事情

              stop doing 表示停止現在在做的事情

              mean to do sth. 計劃做某事

              mean doing sth. 意味著做某事

              can’t help to do sth. 不能協助做某

              can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事

              go on to do sth. 做了一件事后,接著做另一件事

              go on doing sth. 繼續做原來做的事

              4. do 動詞原形

              let sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事

              make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

              make sth. done 使某事完成

              have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

              have sth done 做完某事

              see sb. do sth. 看見某人做某事

              see sb doing 看人某人正在做

              hear sb. do sth. 聽見某人做某事

              hear sb doing 聽見某人正在做

              listen to sb. do sth. 聽著某人做某事

              listen sb doing sth 聽著某人正在做

              look at sb. do sth. 看著某人做某事

              watch sb. do sth. 察看某人做某事

              feel sb. do sth. 覺得某人做某事

              5. 雙賓語

              give sb sth = give sth to sb 給某人某物

              tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告訴某人某事

              borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物

              lend sth to sb 借某物給某人

              buy sth for sb =buy sb sth 給某人買某物

              show sb sth=show sth to sb 向某人展示某物

              6. be 動詞結構

              be at home = stay at home 在家

              be in trouble 有麻煩

              be careful of 小心……

              be late for 因……遲到

              be free 空閑的,有空

              be busy doing/with sth 忙于……

              be covered with 被……復蓋

              be ready for 為……作好準備

              be surprised (at) 對……感到驚訝

              be interested in 對……感到舉

              be excited about 激動于

              be angry with 憤怒于

              be mad at 瘋狂于

              be friendly to 友好地去

              be pleased with 很高興做

              be satisfied with 對……很滿意

              be famous for 因……而著名

              be famous as 作為……而著名

              be strict with 對……嚴格

              be strict in 在……方面嚴格

              be afraid of 害怕……

              be afraid to do 害怕去做……

              be glad to do 很高興去做……

              be good for 對……有好處

              be bad for 對……有害處

              be good at = do well in 擅長

              be able to do 能去做……

              7. 固定搭配

              have a lesson /a meeting 上課/開會

              have a try 試一試

              have a good time 玩得很高興

              have fun 玩得高興

              have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早飯/午飯/晚飯

              have a meal (three meals) 吃一頓飯

              have a fever 發燒

              have a cold 感冒

              have a look (at) 看一看……

              have a rest 休息一會兒

              have a talk 談話

              have a walk =take a walk 散步

              make friends (with) 與……交朋友

              make a living 謀生

              make a mistake 犯錯誤

              make a sentence 造句

              be made from/of 由……制成

              be made in 在……地方制造

              look after =take care of 照管,照看,

              look for 尋找

              look like 看上去像

              look out 當心,小心

              look around 朝四周看

              look at 看著……

              put on 穿上(衣服),戴上(帽子)

              put up 張帖

              set up 豎起,建起

              set off 出發,動身

              set out 出發

              send for 派人去請

              take ones advice 聽從某人勸告

              take out 拿出,取出

              take down 拿下

              take place 發生

              take the place of 代替

              take it easy 別緊張

              take away 拿走

              take off 脫下,起飛,休假

              day off / have off 休假

              take photos 拍照

              take some medicine 服藥

              turn on 開,旋開(電燈,收音機等)

              turn off 關上(電燈,收音機等)

              turn down (把音量)調低

              turn up 調高

              turn in 交出,上交

              turn…into… 變成

              turn…over 把……翻過來

              at once 立刻

              at last 最后

              at first 起先,首先

              at the age of… 在……歲時

              at the end of… 在……之末

              by the end of… 到……底為止

              at the beginning of… 在……之初

              at night/noon 在夜里/中午

              in the day 在白天

              in all 總共

              in fact 事實上

              in ones twenties 在某人二十幾歲時

              in a hurry 匆忙

              in time 及時

              in public 公眾,公開地

              in order to 為了……

              in front of 在……前面

              in the front of 在某物內的前面

              in the end 最后,終于

              in turn 依次

              of course 當然

              from now on 從現在起

              from then on 從那時起

              for example 例如

              far away from 遠離

              a piece of 一張(一片,塊)

              a cup of 一茶懷

              a glass of 一玻璃杯

              a box of 一盒

              a bottle of 一瓶

              a set of 一套

              a group of 一隊,一組,一群

              a kind of 一種

              all kinds of 所有種類

              a type of 一種類型的

              a different type of 一種不同型號的

              a great deal of 非常多,大量的(不可數名詞)

              a large (great) number of 非常多,大量的(可數名詞)

              a great many 大量,許多(可數名詞)

              all over the world/the country 全世界/全國

              day after day 日復一日

              day by day 一天天

              up and down 上上下下

              the day after tomorrow 后天

              the day before yesterday 前天

              8. 其他固定搭配

              langht at 嘲笑

              be used to doing習慣于

              used to 過去常常

              use sth to do sth 用某物做某事

              wake…up 喚醒

              work out 算出

              hurry up 趕快,快點

              think about 考慮……

              think of 想到

              be anxious about 擔憂

              throw away 扔掉

              hear of 聽說

              hear from 收到……來信

              instead of 代替……

              with ones help 在某人的幫助下,由于

              with the help of … 在……的幫助下

              to ones surprise 令某人吃驚的是

              up and down 上上下下

              just now/then 剛才/那時

              late on 過后,后來

              work / study hard 努力工作

              come out 解出

              wait for 等待

              do morning exercises 做早操

              do eye exercises 做眼保健操

              get on/along (well) with 與……相處(融洽)

              常用英語短語動詞

              look的常用短語:

              look up…in查找

              look sb. up and down上下打量

              look back to/ upon回顧

              look upon…as把…看作

              look forward to期待

              look through瀏覽;看穿

              take a new look呈現新面貌

              fear的常用短語:

              in fear害怕地

              (be) in fear of害怕

              for fear of/ that擔心;生怕

              concentrate的常用短語:

              concentrate on專心…

              concentrate one’s mind on專心于…類似的短語:

              fix one’s mind upon

              focus on

              put one’s heart into

              focus one’s mind on

              surprise常用短語:

              in surprise驚訝地

              to one’s surprise使某人驚訝的是

              be surprise at/to do/that對某事感到驚訝

              表示“穿衣”的動作或狀態的詞和短語

              1.表示動作的有:

              pull on

              put on

              dress

              dress sb

              2.表示狀態的有:

              wear

              be in

              be dressed in

              have…on

              常見表“喜歡”的短語和單詞

              like

              care for

              be keen on

              be fond of

              take delight in…

              trouble的常用短語:

              have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing在…有/沒有困難

              take great trouble to do不辭辛勞做某事

              put sb to the trouble of doing…為難某人做某事

              make trouble搗亂

              be in (great) trouble惹麻煩;處在困境中

              help sb. out of trouble幫某人擺脫困境

              end的常用短語:

              come to anend……結束

              put anendto結束……

              onend豎起,連續

              in theend終于;最后

              endup (by) doing…以……結束

              make bothends meet收支相抵

              表示“導致”、“由…引起”的短語:

              1.導致

              cause sth. (to do)

              result in

              lead to

              2.由……引起

              be caused by

              resultfrom

              grow out of

              lie in

              表“全力以赴”的短語:

              do / try one’s best

              spare no efforts to do

              take great pains to do

              go all out to do

              do what somebody can (do) to do

              do all somebody can (do) to do

              direction常用短語:

              in (the ) direction of….朝……方向

              under the direction of ...在……的指導下

              follow the directions照說明去做

              far常用短語:

              farfrom(being)離……要求相差很遠

              farfrom+(a place)距離某地很遠

              far away遙遠

              so far到目前為止;那么遠

              as far as sb. knows/sees據某人所知

              by far

              (最高級前,比較級后)起強調作用

              distance常用短語:

              in the distance在遠處

              from/ at a distance從遠處

              keep sb. at a distance于某人保持一定距離

              It is no distance at all.不遠

              use常用短語:

              used to do過去曾經、常做

              be used to doing…習慣于……

              be used to do被用來做……

              make good/ full use of充分利用……

              come into use開始使用……

              it is no use doing…干……沒有用

              “出了什么事”的幾種不同表達

              What’s wrong with….?

              What’s the matter with…?

              What’s the trouble with…?

              What happened (to sb.) ?

              “眾所周知”常用表達法:

              It is known to all that…主語從句,that不能省

              As is known to all,定語從句,置于句首

              We all know (that)后接賓語從句

              Everyone knows (that)后接賓語從句

              , which is known to all.非限定從句,置于句末

              表“同意某人意見”的常用短語:

              agree with sb. /what sb. said

              agree to sth.

              approve (of) sth.

              in favour of sth.

              be agreeable to sth.

              be for sth.“不同意”

              disagree with sb./ what sb. said

              object to sth.

              disapprove (of) sth.

              be against sth.

              sign的常用短語:

              sign one’s name簽名

              sign to sb (not) to do sth.示意某人(不)做某事

              signs of………的跡象

              would rather與prefer的區別

              1.寧愿做……而不做……

              would rather do A than do B

              prefer A to B

              prefer to do A rather than do B

              2. would rather主語+過去式,表示“寧愿”

              eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today.

              should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer主語+過去式,表示“比較喜歡……”

              eg. I should prefer you not to go there alone.

              OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.

              trap常用短語

              be caught in a trap落入圈套

              be led into a trap中圈套

              set a trap to do sth.設圈套……

              be trapped in sth.被…..所圍困

              grow常用短語

              in the grow of在….成長中

              grow up長大;成長

              grow rich on靠…..變富

              grow into長成……

              grow out of由…..引起/滋生出

              make常用短語

              be made up of =consist of由……組成

              make up for彌補

              be madefrom/ of由……造成

              make up編造;組成;化妝

              be made into制成……

              make fun of取笑;嘲弄

              make a living謀生

              supply, provide, offer的區別:

              1.表示“向某人提供某物”

              supply / provide sb. with sth.

              supply / provide sth. for sb.

              supply sth. to sb.

              offer sb. sth.

              2.表示“主動提出做某事”

              offer to do sth.

              3.表示“倘使”、“假如”

              provided / providing that

              = on condition that

              =only if

              4.表示“滿足需要”supply / meet a need.

              supply的常用短語

              in short supply缺乏,不足

              medical/military supply醫療/軍用品

              supplies of…許多

              lack的常用短語

              be lacking in sth.在……不足

              make up for the lack of彌補……的不足

              for/by/from/through lack of…由于…不足,缺乏

              have no lack of不缺

              damage的常用短語

              do damage/harm to對……有害

              cause damage to對……造成損害

              ask for damage要求賠償

              die of與diefrom的區別

              die of表示“死于……病”或凍死、氣死,或死于過度悲傷。

              die of cancer/grief/hunger/anger/cold

              diefrom表示死于外傷、事故、勞累過度。如:

              diefrompolluted air/overwork/sword thrust

              die常用短語

              die for one’s country為國捐軀

              die down熄滅、平息

              die off絕種、枯死

              die away消逝、靜下來

              die a heroic death英勇犧牲

              threaten常用短語

              threaten sb. with sth.用……威脅某人

              threaten to do…威脅做……

              under the threat of…在……的威脅下

              speed常用短語

              speed up加速

              at the speed of…以…..的速度

              with great speed迅速

              aim常用短語

              take aim at瞄準

              reach an aim達到目的

              aim at瞄準、針對

              permit與allow的區別表“允許做某事”或“允許某人做某事”用法基本相同。

              permit/allow doing sth.

              permit/allow sb. to do sth.

              permit /allow of sth一般在獨立主格結構中表示“時間、條件等許可”,多用permit

              Time/Weather permitting, I’ll drop in on her.

              allow還可以表示“承認”、“考慮到”。例如:

              1. We allow him to be wronged.

              2. will take an hour to go there, allowing for traffic delays.

              means常用短語

              by means of通過…..,靠……

              by this means/ in this way用這種方法

              by no means/in no case決不

              by all means用一切辦法

              keep常用短語

              keep up with緊跟…..

              keep sb. doing sth.讓某人一直做

              keep sb.fromdoing sth.阻止…..做……

              keep off the grass勿踏草地

              keep to the point緊扣主題

              keep in touch with與……保持聯系

              mark常用短語

              make one’s mark成功、出名

              be marked with標明

              gain/get full marks for……得滿分

              seat常用短語

              take one’s seat坐下

              have a seat請坐

              see/find sb. seated看見/發現某人坐在….

              be seated就座,坐著

              seat oneself in/at/on使自己坐在……

              部分動詞+ to + doing的用法

              look forward to

              get down to

              object to

              devote…to…

              pay attention to

              prefer…to…

              give常用短語

              give up放棄

              give in讓步屈服

              give off散發出

              give away贈送、泄漏

              give rise to引起……

              give out疲勞、用完、散發出

              fit常用短語

              be fit for適合

              keep fit/keep healthy保持健康

              be fit to do適合于…..

              fit in with適應……

              a nice fit合身的衣服…fit sb.某人穿…..合身

              reach常用短語

              reach an agreement達成協議

              reach for…伸手去拿/夠……

              within / out of reach夠得到/夠不著

              reach sb’s understanding使某人明白

              feed常用短語

              feed sth. to sb/feed sb. on sth.用……喂養……

              be fed up of…/ be tired of…/ be bored with…對……感到厭倦

              feed on以……為食

              mercy常用短語

              without mercy殘忍地

              have mercy on /upon對……表示憐憫

              at the mercy of任憑擺布

              beg for mercy乞求饒恕

              exist常用短語

              exist in/lie in/consist in存在于……

              in existence現存的

              come into existence/ come into being形成

              opinion常用短語

              in one’s opinion =in the opinion of sb.在某人看來

              have a high/ low opinion of對……評價高/低

              give one’s opinion on對……談自己的看法

              persuade常用短語

              persuade sb. to do =

              persuade sb. into doing說服某人做某事

              try to persuade sb. to do試圖說服某人做某事

              persuade sb. to sth.說服某人同意某事

              engage常用短語

              be engaged to sb.與某人訂婚

              be engaged in sth. =

              be engaged doing sth.忙于……,從事某事

              wide與broad的區別它們均可以表“寬”和“廣闊的”

              a river 50 feet wide/ broad指身體部位“寬肩、寬背”一般用broad,表示“睜大眼睛、張大嘴巴”一般用wide。

              broad shoulders/ back

              with wide eyes

              open one’s mouth wide

              wide還可以作副詞,表示“完全、大大地”

              be wide awake

              be wide open

              sure常用短語

              be sure of/about對……由把握

              be sure to do sth.肯定會……

              make sure + that-clause務必……,一定要……

              make sure of…弄清楚……

              experience常用短語

              have experience in…在……有經驗

              be experienced in…在……有經驗

              pain常用短語

              take great pains to do努力做某事

              spare no pains to do全力以赴做某事

              stick常用短語

              stick to sth.堅持……

              stick…on…粘貼……

              be stuck in…陷進……

              stick no bills請勿張貼

              spare常用短語

              spare money/time for省出錢…,騰出時間

              in one’s spare time在某人業余時間

              spare no efforts to do不遺余力去做

              don’t spare the opinions不要保留意見

              put down的不同含義

              put down (one’s knife and fork)放下……

              pit down the rebellion鎮壓

              put down what sb. says記下,寫下

              take up的不同含義

              take up a hobby培養……

              take up football開始……

              take up the work繼續……

              take up…time/space消耗,占據……

              take up a post就職

              take up a song/ cry跟著一起……

              habit常用短語

              form/get the habit of養成……習慣

              be in/have the habit of有…….習慣

              get into the habit of沾染了……惡習

              get rid of the habit=

              grow out of the habit=

              break awayfromthe habit

              改掉了……習慣

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