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            學生作文 媽媽的辭職書

            時間:2025-09-05 08:23:31 我要投稿

            學生作文 媽媽的辭職書

              商務英語談判技巧 論文(一)

            學生作文 媽媽的辭職書

              國際談判是一種為了達成協議或尋找解決問題的辦法而與他人交談、討論、闡述乃至質疑的過程。

              在國際貿易中,價格談判最為敏感、最為復雜、也最需要一定的技巧。往往是在一種Bargaining (討價還價)的過程中,雙方談判人的許多素質得以磨練和體現,如反應是否敏捷;能否用禮貌得全的語言交談;是咄咄逼人,還是以理服人;能否做到恰如其分的反駁,但又不傷害對方;能否抓住機會“吹捧”自己的產品,但又不至于使對方反感等等。眾所周知,同樣的談判,在不同的語言環境下,會產生不同的結果:如談判雙方均持平等競爭的態度,用恰當得體、友好平和的語言來談判,那么客戶之間的關系會拉得更近,雙方都得利,業務越做越大;反之,如談判雙方一開始就處在敵對的狀態下,且采用生硬、刺耳的語言,唇槍舌劍般地進行,輕者失去這筆生意,重者失去新老顧客,業務銳減。

              在外貿談判中,營造一個熱情、友好、坦誠、大方的氣氛是十分重要的。商人在談判中常說:“Wedo business on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.”(我們是在平等互利的基礎上做生意)。所以,談判雙方均不可以盛氣凌人之勢,強迫對方接受自己的條件,反而應該盡力創造出和諧、認真的談判氣氛。本文旨在從賣方或供應商(seller/supplier)和買方或客戶(buyer/client)兩方面,談談商務英語價格談判的一些基本技巧。

              一、賣方或供應商的價格談判技巧

              1、在談判中強調,雖然我方產品的價格略高于同行同類產品,但我們注重產品的質量、技術和在本市場或國際市場上的聲望,讓對方覺得買我們的產品價格雖高,但很值得。

              例1: It′s the quality that really counts. Our driller steel is far superior to that used by the Japa-nese.businessenglish/What′s more,our design and technology are completely up-to-date.You′ll be assured of efficientservice for years to come.

              2、誠懇地向對方解釋,因為原材料價格上漲,成本高,所以我方難以承受大的降價。如果我們分析問題合情合理,情況解釋合乎邏輯,對方會接納和理解這一事實。

              例2: We can hardly bear the reduction because the raw material has advanced by 5% during thelast few months. Accordingly, the cost of our production has risen a great deal. So this price is whatwe can get.

              3、強調我們的價格符合市場要求和水平,是合情合理的,所以不考慮降價。或者要求對方增大定單,方可考慮quantity discount (數量上的折扣)。

              例3: Well, for“Hero 330”, we are quoting US$6. 50 per dozen CIF Alexandria. Our price hasalways been reasonable because it comes in line with the prevailing market level.

              例4、Well, it depends on the quantity you order. For orders over US$20, 000 we offer a 10%。discount on first orders credited on repeat order. How much was your last order for……?

              4、在我方產品的價格或許稍高于同行同類產品,又不準備降價的情況下,我方可用quickerdelivery time (快速交貨)和convenient after-sales service (便捷的售后服務)作為“誘餌”(當然,要實事求是,不可欺騙),讓對方覺得買了你的產品既方便又有保障。

              例5:I′m afraid there is little scope for reducing the price.But we provide quick delivery time andconvenient after-sales service. For example, Boardchair 03, for the quantity of 6 to 10 pieces, thenormal delivery time is 5 days,but now the special delivery time is only one day,Note286 CX,for thequantity of 5 pieces, the normal time is 4 days, but now 2 days will do. And we have several servicecenters, offering you around-the-clock service.

              5、從長遠利益出發或為了促進和鞏固彼此的貿易,本著友情,同意降價。

              例6: To be frank with you, there are many other customers who have approached us with somehigher prices. If it were not for our good relationship, we′d hardly be willing to make you a firm offerat this price.

              6、直截了當地拒絕對方的還盤。但這種表達,態度比較生硬,火藥味較濃。從另一角度看,如果這一策略運用得當,可以加快談判速度,但要小心行事。最好不要直接說:“No, I can′t accept it.”而應盡量婉轉地用Well,…, Actually,…或I′m afraid,…等開頭,從而給對方稍留余地,以免讓對方感到難堪。

              例7:Personally, this is our rock-bottom price, Mr. Mcardell. I′m afraid it seems that we can′tmake any further concession.

              例8: 5 percent reduction is absolutely out of the question. Now, Mr. Li, to help.

              二、客戶或買方的價格談判技巧

              1、以商量的口氣,提出自己的想法、觀點和意見,以博得對方的“同情”和理解。

              例9:I′m interested in your lead crystal glassware.But as we are just taking up the line,I′m afraidwe can′t do much right now. Could we have 3000 gross for a start? If the sales go well, big businessis sure to follow. I hope you could offer us your most favorable price, though the quantity we areordering is by no means an attractive one.

              2、利用攻心術,討好對方。賣方頓感“心頭一熱”,考慮降價。

              例10: Yours is an international renowned company, and your products always enjoy itsreputation. We, too, don′t hope that you ship the instrument on display back to your homeland. Thereduction of 27% of our counter offer is already not that big, and in fact it is only less than 10%compared with your offer. So I hope that you put all things together and give it a furtherconsideration./pic/p>

              3、用市場經濟不景氣或國際國內經濟發展緩慢情況為理由,要求對方考慮降價。

              例11: Business is rather slow nowadays. Few buyers have been in the market recently, Besides,you certainly realize that lower prices are an effective marketing tool in the short or the long term.

              4、堅持對方開價太高,與國際或國內市場行情不相符,所以我方難以接受。

              例12: As the matter stands now, your quotation is over the current price in the internationalmarket,and also beyond our ability of payment.In this way,we′ll,as we think,have to consider offersfrom other sources. Honestly speaking, if you can reduce your price by 25%, that will be consideredagreeable to the level of the international market.

              5、在雙方就價格問題咬住不放的情況下,建議賣方用折中的辦法,彼此做出讓步。

              例13: That′s the first step.With one businessenglish/more, we could strike a deal.To make things simpler, let′ssplit the difference and meet half way. You must leave us some margin to cover the advertisingexpenses.

              6、如果彼此對價格都不肯放松,又不愿折中,買方只好提出“到別處購買”,以此“威脅”賣方。

              例14: But the gap between us is still too wide. I′d suggest another 10%. (Seller: Oh, I′m afraidthat won′t do. We simply can′t stand such a big cut.) If that′s the case, I′m afraid we′ll have to goelsewhere.

              7、利用矛盾競爭。在討價還價過程中,利用不同的談判對手或同行間的競爭,或用甲制乙,或借甲攻乙,促使對方妥協讓步。

              例15: At present, the products from Philip′s are attractive to us, but we are also very muchinterested in the National′s. We hope that you can offer your competitive price.

              三、價格談判中常用句型

              下面分幾個方面列舉一些外貿英語價格談判中常用的句子,供大家參考:

              1、價格太高Your price is not in the least encouraging. It′s beyond our reach.

              You are asking for at least 5 per cent more than your competitors do. That′s much too dear.

              2、不能減價Our products are moderately priced. We can′t go lower than this.

              We cannot accept your counterbid, but this does not mean we are not willing to co-operate.

              3、價格上漲The price is going up, owing to the rise in the cost of raw materials.

              There is every indication of a further rise in price in the near future.

              4、若不改善價格,無法成交Ifyou stand firm, we can hardly come to terms.

              Unless you can reduce the price, chances for business are remote.

              5、若改善價格,有可能成交If you want to get the order, you′ll have to lower the price.

              A lower price would mean larger sales.

              6、考慮對方的價格要求To encourage business, we are prepared to make a reduction.

              To support you in pushing sales, we grant you a special discount of…per cent.

              7、成交In view of our good co-operation over the past years, we accept your price.

              We are very much pleased that we have come to terms in the end.

              實際談判技巧林林總總,無一固定模式,需要談判人靈活機動,見機行事,不可仗勢欺人,也不可軟弱妥協。對代表賣方的談判人來說,你的言談舉止代表你公司的作風,代表你公司對交易及對新舊客戶的態度,替公司及公司產品創造一種好印象,也就贏得了商業信譽和信心。對代表買方的談判人來說,爭取一份價廉物美的生意就意味著“有利可圖”(good profit);如果能建立一個穩定的、可靠的供應商,你的生意就能得到長期保障;你的誠實、大方、守信用的作風也會給對方留下深刻的印象。

              總之,“火無常勢,水無常形”,形勢總是在不斷變化,高明的談判者總能根據形勢的變化,不斷地對談判的策略作出恰如其分的調整,方能使談判成功,進而使買賣雙方財源廣進,經營興旺發達。

              商務英語談判技巧 論文(二)

              商務談判,是指談判雙方為實現某種商品或勞務的交易,對多種交易條件進行的磋商活動。隨著市場經濟的發展,商品概念的外延也在擴大,它不僅包括一切有形的勞動產品,還包括資金、技術、信息、服務等。因此,商務談判是指一切商品形態的交易洽談,如商品供求談判、技術引進與轉讓談判、投資談判等。跨文化商務談判是不同國家和地區的人們為了實現交易目標而進行的相互磋商活動。由于英語是歐美國家的官方語言,所以商務談判大多數是借助英語進行的。這就涉及談判的英語技巧問題,認真研究談判的特點和原則,恰當地運用英語技巧,是談判取得成功的重要保證。

              第一,善于傾聽,做到少說多聽。

              商務談判實際上是一種對話,在這個對話中,雙方說明自己的情況,陳述自己的觀點,傾聽對方的提案、發盤、并做反提案,還盤、互相讓步,最后達成協議。成功的談判者在談判時把50%以上的時間用來聽。他們邊聽、邊想、邊分析,并不斷向對方提出問題,以確保自己完全正確的理解對方。具體就是,要盡量鼓勵對方多說,向對方說:“please? Go on”,“yes”,并提問題請對方回答,使對方多談他們的情況。如果對對方的觀點表示了解,可以說:I see what you mean. (我明白您的意思) ;如果表示贊成,可以說: That' s a good idea. (是個好主意),或者說:Iagree with you. (我贊成);如果是有條件地接受,可以用on thecondition that這個句型,例如: We accept your proposal, on thecondition that you order 30000units.

              第二,靈活應變,做到靈活性與原則性相結合。

              談判過程中往往會遇到一些意想不到的尷尬事情,要求談判者具有靈活的語言應變能力,與應急手段相聯系,巧妙地擺脫困境。有些時候不能給對方一個確切的答案,但是又不能一口否定,那么要使談判有回旋的余地就得回避明確地答復。當遇到對手逼你立即做出選擇時,你若是說:“讓我想一想”之類的語言,會被對方認為缺乏主見,從而在心理上處于劣勢。此時你可以有禮貌地告訴對方:

              I'm afraid I can't give you a definite reply now. (恐怕我現在無法給你一個明確的答復)或I just need some time to think itover. (我需要時間考慮考慮)。靈活性和原則性是涉及語言效果和傳達原意的兩個方面。缺乏靈活性會影響表達效果,而不會靈活則往往會使得談判陷入僵局。要針對不同國家的談判對手和不同的情況,不斷調整自己,堅持原則性與靈活性的統一。例如,在與歐美國家的商人談判時,如果有不同意見,最好坦白地提出來而不要拐彎抹角。表示無法贊同對方的意見時,可以說:I don’t think that’s a good idea. (我不認為那是個好主意), 或者Frankly, we can’t agree with your proposal. (坦白地講,我無法同意您的提案);如果是拒絕,可以說:We’re not prepared toaccept your proposal at this time. (我們這一次不準備接受你們的建議);有時,還要講明拒絕的理由,如 To be quite honest, wedon’t believe this product will sell very well in China. (說老實話,我們不相信這種產品在中國會賣得好)。

              第三,語義清楚,做到形式委婉、內容明確。

              國際商務談判大多用英語進行,而談判雙方的母語往往又不都是英語,這就增加了交流的難度。在這種情況下,我們要盡量用簡單、清楚、明確的英語,不要用易引起誤會的多義詞、雙關語、俚語、成語。也不要用易引起對方反感的詞句,如:“to tellyou the truth”,“I’ll be honest with you?”,“I will do my best.”“It’s none of my business but?”這些詞語帶有不信任色彩,會使對方擔心,從而不愿積極與我們合作。如果談判者的言辭能清楚地表達出所想的和所要講的,就減少了許多容易導致誤解的地方。

              商務談判,中心還是經濟利益。在雙方的談判中,價格是一個很重要的環節,婉轉地提出自己的意見可以使自己處于主動地位。如果自己已經胸中有數,在談判中,語句上面不能有絲毫含糊。

              最后,為確保溝通順利的另一個方法是在談判結束前做一個小結,把到現在為止達成的協議重述一遍并要求對方予以認可。小結一定要實事求是,措辭一定要得當,否則對方會起疑心,對小結不予認可,已談好的問題又得重談一遍。

              握跨文化商務談判的英語技巧,對于談判者十分重要,它不但直接關系著談判的成敗,還可以使談判者在對外經濟交往中往往會收到事半功倍的功效。希望讀者可以通過掌握上述的技巧,在談判中掌握主動、獲得滿意的結果。

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