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中考英語常用不規則動詞大匯總
中考英語中有許多不規則動詞,它們不能簡單通過加ed來獲得過去式,你知道的這些不規則動詞有哪些呢?百分網小編為大家分享下面的中考英語常用不規則動詞大匯總,快來查漏補缺吧!

★記憶法一:常見93個不規則動詞的變化規律歸納如下:
一、A—A—A型,即原形、過去式和過去分詞三者都相同。(共9個)
cost—cost—cost
cut—cut—cut
hit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurt
let—let—let
put—put—put
read—read—read
set—set—set
shut—shut—shut
二、A—B—B型,即過去式、過去分詞相同。(共41個)
1、過去式和過去分詞都含有-ought。(3個)
bring—brought—brought
buy—bought—bought
think—thought—thought
2、詞尾有-ild,-end時,只需把d變為t。(4個)
build—built—built
lend—lent—lent
send—sent—sent
spend—spent—spent
3、過去式、過去分詞都含有-aught。(2個)
catch—caught—caught
teach—taught—taught
4、把-eep變為-ept。(3個)
keep—kept—kept
sleep—slept—slept
sweep—swept—swept
5、把-ell變為-old。(2個)
tell—told—told
sell—sold—sold
6、過去式、過去分詞都含有-elt或-ilt。(4個)
smell—smelt—smelt
spell—spelt—spelt
feel—felt—felt
spill—spilt—spilt
7、過去式、過去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。(3個)
learn—learnt—learnt
mean—meant—meant
spoil—spoilt—spoilt
8、過去式、過去分詞詞尾是d。(4個)
say—said—said
pay—paid—paid
lay—laid—laid
hear—heard—heard
9、改變元音字母。(11個)
meet—met—met
get—got—got
sit—sat—sat
find—found—found
hold—held—held
spit—spat—spat
shine—shone—shone
win—won—won
hang—hung—hung
dig—dug—dug
lose—lost—lost
10、改變輔音字母。(1個)
make—made—made
11、改變元、輔音字母。(4個)
leave—left—left
stand—stood—stood
have(has)—had—had
understand—understood—understood
三、A—B—C型,即原形、過去式、過去分詞都不相同。(共35個)
1、i—a—u變化。(6個)
begin—began—begun
drink—drank—drunk
sing—sang—sung
ring—rang—rung
swim—swam—swum
sink—sank—sunk
2、詞尾為-ow,-aw時,過去式將其變為-ew,過去分詞在其原形后加n。(5個)
blow—blew—blown
draw—drew—drawn
grow—grew—grown
know—knew—known
throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3、詞尾為“i+輔(1個)+e”,過去式將i變為o,過去分詞多在原形后加n,若那個輔音字母為d或t,須雙寫d或t后加n。(4個)(give,hide除外)
drive—drove—driven
write—wrote—written
ride—rode—ridden
rise—rose—risen
4、過去分詞在過去式后加(e)n。(5個)
break—broke—broken
choose—chose—chosen
freeze—froze—frozen
speak—spoke—spoken
wake—woke—woken
5、過去分詞由過去式加-ten構成。(1個)
forget—forgot—forgotten
6、過去分詞由原形加(e)n構成。(6個)
be—was(were)—been
eat—ate—eaten
fall—fell—fallen
give—gave—given
see—saw—seen
hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7、詞尾為-ake時,過去式將其變為-ook,過去分詞在原形詞后加-n。(2個)
take—took—taken
mistake—mistook—mistaken
8、原形、過去式和過去分詞都不相同。(6個)
do—did—done
fly—flew—flown
go—went—gone
lie—lay—lain
show—showed—shown
wear—wore—worn
四、A—A—B型,即過去式和原形相同。(1個)
beat—beat—beaten
五、A—B—A型,即過去分詞和原形相同。(3個)
come—came—come
become—became—become
run—ran—run
六、情態動詞型,只有原形和過去式,沒有過去分詞。(4個)
can—could
may—might
will—would
shall—should
★記憶法二:不規則動詞相對于規則動詞來說,難記得多,是最難對付的一類詞。學生難學,老師難教。幸好它們不是雜亂無章的,可根據其中的一些內部規律來記憶。下面給大家介紹一種歸納記憶法,以期大家在攻克這一難關時,能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、原形、過去式、過去分詞相同:
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut
(細心的你一定會發現,這些詞中大多數是以字母t結尾的。)
二、原形、過去式相同,過去分詞不同:
beat/beat/beaten
三、原形、過去分詞相同,過去式不同:
come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/run
(come,become,屬不規則變化,但welcome屬規則動詞,其過去式、過去分詞為:welcomed,welcomed)
四、過去式,過去分詞相同:
(1)去掉字母組合ee中的一個e
meet/met/metfeed/fed/fed
(2)去掉字母組合ee中的一個e,然后再在詞尾加t
feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/keptsweep/swept/swept
(3)詞尾為的ll去掉一個l加t
spell/spelt/speltsmell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt
(4)過去式和過去分詞以aught或ought結尾
catch/caught/caughtteach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought
buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought
(5)將stand改為stood
stand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood
(6)將ay改為aid
lay/laid/laidpay/paid/paidsay/said/said
(7)將d改為t
lend/lent/lentsend/sent/sent
spend/spent/spentbuild/built/built
(8)將i改為a,o,u等
sit/sat/satspit/spat/spat
dig/dug/dugwin/won/won
(9)將ell改為old
tell/told/toldsell/sold/sold
(10)詞尾加t
learn/learnt/learntmean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11)有兩種過去式和過去分詞,一種是不規則的,一種是規則的:
learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shoneshine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hunghang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smeltsmell/smelled/smelled
burn/burnt/burntburn/burned/burned
light/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted
(12)其它
have(has)/had/hadhear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shotlose/lost/lost
hold/held/heldget/got/got(AmEgotten)
find/found/foundmake/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同:
(1)過去式以ew結尾、過去分詞以own結尾
blow/blew/blownfly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grownknow/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn
(2)改i為a變成過去式、改i為u變成過去分詞
begin/began/begundrink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rungsing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swumsink/sank/sunk
(3)改i為o變成過去式,過去分詞以n結尾
drive/drove/drivenwrite/wrote/written
rise/rose/risenride/rode/ridden
(4)原形后加n變成過去分詞
drive/drove/drivenrise/rose/riseneat/ate/eaten
give/gave/givenfall/fell/fallen
(5)過去式后加n變成過去分詞
break/broke/brokenchoose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozenmistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolenspeak/spoke/spoken
take/took/takenwake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/beendo/did/doneforget/forgot/forgotten
go/went/gonehide/hid/hiddensee/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
六、有兩種過去式和過去分詞,但詞義相同。
wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken
七、動詞因其過去式、過去分詞有兩種形式而產生不同詞義:
shine、hang的兩種過去式和過去分詞:
shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung懸掛hanged/hanged絞死
八、兩個既可以做過去式,又可以做動詞原形的詞
lie躺臥lay/lain/lying(現在分詞)
lay放,下蛋laid/laid/laying
find找到、發現find/found/found
found創建,成立found/founded/founded
九、根據動詞之間的詞義聯系來記憶
(一)詞義相對:
(1)come/came/come來——go/went/gone去
(2)give/gave/given給——get/got/got(AmEgotten)獲得
(3)sleep/slept/slept睡覺—wake/woke/woken(或woke)
或wake/waked/waked醒來
(4)rise/rose/risen上升、上漲、升起——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉
(5)buy/bought/bought買——sell/sold/sold出售,賣
(6)take/took/taken帶去——bring/brought/brought帶來
(7)teach/taught/taught教——learn/learnt/learnt
或learn/learned/learned學習、學會
(8)lose/lost/lost丟失、失敗——find/found/found找到
win/won/won贏得、(獲)勝
(9)stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
(10)send/sent/sent送、寄、發送——get/got/got獲得、收到
(二)詞義相近:
(1)beat/beat/beaten打,打敗win/won/won贏得、獲勝
(2)understand/understood/understood懂,了解
know/knew/known知道,了解,認識
(3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)變成、成為、變得
become/became/become變成,成為,變得
go/went/gone變成turn/turned/turned變成
(4)spend/spent/spent花費、度過
pay/paid/paid。支付、交納
cost/cost/cost花費、價值為
take/took/taken花費
(5)say/said/said說、講
speak/spoke/spoken說、演講
tell/told/told告訴、說、吩咐、斷定
talk/talked/talked談話,講,談論,議論
★記憶法三:
1、無變化,過去式與原形相同。
let→let,put→put,hit→hit,must→must,set→set,beat→beat,cast→cast,cost→cost,cut→cut,hurt→hurt,read→red,shut→shut
(shed→shedsplit→splitspread→spreadburst→burst)
2、元音字母的變化。
i→a:begin→began,drink→drank,ring→rang,sing→sang,swim→swam,give→gave,sit→sat,sink→sank
i→o:drive→drove,ride→rode,shine→shone,write→wrote,rise→rose,win→won,
(strive→strovearise→arose)
i→ou:find→found(wind→wound,bind→bound,grind→ground)
a→oo:take→took,shake→shook
e→o:get→got,forget→forgot
o→a:come→came,become→became
oo→o:shoot→shot,choose→chose
3、元音字母組合的變化。
aw/ow/y→ew:draw→drew,blow→blew,grow→grew,know→knew,throw→threw,fly→flew
4、元音字母和輔音字母都有變化。
(1)sell→sold,tell→told,retell→retold
(2)say→said,pay→paid,lay→laid,relay→relaid
(3)sweep→swept,keep→kept,sleep→slept,creep→crept
(4)bring→brought,buy→bought,think→thought,fight→fought
(5)catch→caught,teach→taught
(6)can→could,will→would,shall→should
5、輔音字母變化。
(1)build→built,send→sent,bend→bent,lend→lent,rend→rent,spend→spent
(2)make→made,have→had,hear→heard
(3)mean→meant,learn→learnt
AAA型:即原型、過去式和過去分詞都相同
口訣1:(三句口訣任選一種)(10個單詞)
助記口訣①:
花錢cost 切割cut(門窗),(頭被)撞擊hit,(心)受傷hurt;讓let 讀書read 放put;安置set 關閉shut 傳播spread(廠)
助記口訣②:
2H(hit, hurt) 花錢(cost) 讓(let) 3S(set,shut,spread) 放(put)(下)讀書(read)(去)切割(cut)
助記口訣③:
讓(let)他 放(put)下 砍(cut)刀去 讀(read)書,以免 傷害(hurt)頭被 撞(hit),還要 花錢(cost)安置(set) 關閉(shut) 傳播(spread)廠。
AAA型(原形→原形→原形)
原形 過去式 過去分詞 漢語意思
cost cost cost 花費,值
cut cut cut 切,割
hit hit hit 撞,擊
hurt hurt hurt 使…傷痛
let let let 讓
put put put 放
read read read 讀
set set set 安排,安置
shut shut shut 關閉
spread spread spread 傳播,散布
注意:read ---read--- read發音分別是: [ri:d]---[red]---[red]
AAB型:即原型和過去式相同
口訣2:
打敗天下無敵手,分加en(1個單詞)
原形 過去式 過去分詞 漢語意思
beat beat beaten 打敗
ABA型:即原型和過去分詞相同
口訣3:
跑、來、成為、超越,元音字母變成a(4個單詞)
原形 過去式 過去分詞 漢語意思
become became become 成為
come came come 來
run ran run 跑
overcome overcame overcome 超越
ABB型:即過去式和過去分詞相同
口訣4:
教書被抓,有a則a, aught (2個單詞)
原形→aught →aught
原形 過去式 過去分詞 漢語意思
catch caught caught 捉,抓
teach taught taught 教
口訣5:
想帶來買(個)打架,無a則o, ought (4個單詞)
原形→ought →ought
原形 過去式 過去分詞 漢語意思
bring brought brought 帶來
buy bought bought 買
fight fought fought 打架
think thought thought 思考
口訣6:
加速射擊喂牛遇見領導,“過分”后一個元音字母去掉
了。(“過分”指過去式和過去分詞)(5個單詞)
speed(加速)---sped--sped
(speed(加速)---speeded--speeded)
shoot(射擊)---shot--shot
feed(喂養,飼養---fed---fed
meet(遇見)---met---met
lead(帶路,領路--led---led
口訣7:
坐下臨時照看(想)吐痰,“過分”i變a。(3個單詞)
sit(坐)---sat---sat,
babysit(代人臨時照顧嬰孩)---babysat---babysat
spit(吐痰)---spat---spat
口訣8:
挖刺(粘貼)懸掛,原形中間的元音字母變成u。(3個單詞)
dig(挖)---dug---dug ,
hang(懸掛)---hung---hung,
stick(粘貼,將……刺入)---stuck---stuck
口訣9:
①(清潔工)睡覺(時還)保持打掃(的)感覺(卻)睡過頭(eep,eel中間去個e末尾加個t)(5個單詞)
②我覺(feel)得,衛生靠平時保持(keep),睡覺(sleep)時就不要想著掃(sweep)地了,可以睡過頭(oversleep)。
feel(覺)---felt---felt
keep(保存)---kept---kept
sleep(睡)---slept---slept
oversleep(睡過頭)---overslept---overslept
sweep(掃)---swept---swept
口訣10:
①建造借出送花費,“過分”都是原形末尾的d變t。(4個單詞)
②我花錢(spend)建造(build)的房子,可以借(lend)給你 ,不能送(send)給你。
build(造)---built---built
lend(借)---lent---lent
send(郵寄,發送)---sent---sent
spend(花費)---spent---spent
口訣11:
丟失聞拼寫原形末尾的字母換成t。(3個單詞)
lose(丟失)---lost---lost
smell(嗅)---smelt--smelt
spell(拼寫)---spelt---spelt
口訣12:
①夢見著火學習對付意思,“過分”原形后面加個t,夢見著火學習點燃也可以加ed。(6個單詞)
②“‘燃燒’(burn)意思是(mean)什么?” 我沒有學會(learn),我做夢(dream)了,該怎么對付(deal)
burn(著火)---burnt---burnt,
dream(做夢)---dreamt---dreamt,
learn(學習)---learnt---learnt,
deal(對付)---dealt---dealt
mean(意思是)---meant---meant
light(點燃)---lighted/---lighted,
light(點燃)---lit/---lit,
口訣13:
聽見“過分”直接加個d, 制造是k變d。(2個單詞)
hear(聽見)---heard---heard
make(制造)---made---made
口訣14
①放置(產卵)說付錢,ay變成aid。(3個單詞)
②一只下蛋(lay)的鵝說(say):“趕快付錢(pay)”。
lay(放,擱)---laid---laid,
pay(付報酬)---paid---paid,
say(說,講)---said---said
口訣15:
照耀贏了,i變o,發現i變為ou。(3個單詞)
shine(照耀)---shone---shone
win(贏)---won---won,
find(發現)---found---found
口訣16:
①站立理解an變為oo。(2個單詞)
②站(stand)著就聽明白(understand)了。
stand(站立/忍受/坐落)---stood---stood,
understand(理解)---understood---understood
口訣17:
①告訴賣(老頭)ell變old。(2個單詞)
②告訴(tell)他不要賣(sell)那個老古董。
sell(賣)---sold---sold
tell(告訴)---told---told
口訣18:
得到握住e,o互換,have的ve變為d, leave的ave變為ft。(4個單詞)
get(成為/得到/到達)---got---got
hold(握,抓住)---held---held
have(有/吃/進行)---had---had
leave(離開/遺留/剩下)---left---left
ABC型:即原型、過去式和過去分詞不相同
口訣19:
①游泳喝酒唱歌開始打電話(誰知)下沉了。i---a---u(原形中含有字母i,在過去式中變為a,在過去分詞中變為u。)(6個單詞)
②鈴響(ring)后,開始(begin)唱歌(sing),游泳(swim)時,不要喝(drink)太多的水,否則會下沉(sink)的。
begin(開始,著手)---began---begun
drink(喝,飲)---drank---drunk
ring(響鈴/打電話)---rang---rung
sing(唱歌)---sang---sung
sink(下沉)---sank---sunk
swim(游泳)---swam---swum
口訣20:
①長大后畫畫知道扔吹飛,過變ew,分加n(以字母ow或aw結尾的動詞,在過去式中變成ew,過去分詞則在原形后加-n。)(6個單詞)
②長(grow)大后,才知道(know),不要亂扔(throw)亂吹(blow)亂畫(draw)。
blow(刮風)---blew---blown
grow(成長/種植)---grew---grown
know(知道)---knew---known
throw(投)---threw---thrown
draw(繪畫)---drew---drawn
fly(飛)---flew---flown
注意:飛
口訣21:
生育穿戴,ear過變ore,分變orn(原形-ear,過去式-ore,過去分詞-orn。)(2個單詞)
bear(生育)---bore---born
wear(穿)---wore---worn
口訣22:
偷盜醒來結冰打破選擇說忘記,過去元音變成o,偷盜打破說未成還要e尾隨,分詞“過”后加n。(7個單詞)
break(打破)---broke---broken,
choose(選擇)---chose---chosen,
freeze(結冰)---froze---frozen,
speak(說)---spoke---spoken,
forget(忘記)---forgot---forgotten,
steal(偷盜)---stole---stolen,
wake(醒來)---woke---woken,
注意:忘記分詞要雙寫t
口訣23:
升起駕駛騎車寫字,過i變o(眼睜大),分加en, 注意騎車寫字雙寫輔音(d和t)。(4個單詞)
rise(升起/出現)---rose----risen
drive(駕駛/驅趕)---drove---driven
ride(騎)---rode---ridden
write(寫)---wrote---written
口訣24:
規則的撒謊,不規則的躺,躺下就下蛋,下蛋不規則。(3個單詞)
lie(躺/平放/位于)---lay---lain,
lie (撒謊、說謊)---lied ---lied
lay (放置,產卵,下蛋)---laid ---laid
口訣25:
是給吃看見落下,隱藏弄錯搖動拿,分詞結尾是en。(9個單詞)
be(是)---was/were---been
give(給)---gave---given
eat(吃)---ate---eaten
see(看見)---saw---seen
fall(落下)---fell---fallen
hide(隱藏)---hid---hidden
mistake(弄錯)---mistook---mistaken
shake(搖動)---shook---shaken
take(拿)---took---taken
口訣26:其他變化形式(3個)
do, did, done, go, went, gone, 我們常常見;show,showed,shown展示看
do(做/干)---did---done
go(去/到達)---went---gone
show(出示)---showed---shown
沒有過去分詞的動詞(情態動詞)
口訣27:
can(能/可能)---could, may(可以/可能)---might
shall(將/會)---should, will(將/愿意)---would
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