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2016中考英語名詞專題練習試題
名詞是詞性的一種，是表示人或事物實體存在的詞，為了幫助大家掌握名詞的語法特征，百分網小編為大整理了一份2016中考英語名詞的專題練習試題，文末有答案，希望能對大家有幫助，更多內容歡迎關注應屆畢業生網!
一.選擇題(共30小題)
1.(2016•昆明)Each couple in China can have two_____from January 1st，2016( )
A.boy B.girl C.children D.child
2.(2016•重慶)It's sports time.Most ________ students in Class 1are playing football on the playground.( )
A.boy B.boys C.boy's D.boys'
3.(2016•綏化)Our school has fifty﹣six teachers.( )
A.woman B.women C.woman's
4.(2016•宜賓)Yibin is one of the most beautiful ____in Sichuan.( )
A.city B.cities C.citys
5.(2016•南寧)These _______ in beautiful dresses will have a party this evening.( )
A.man B.men C.woman D.women
6.(2016•綏化) room is big and nice.( )
A.Kate's and Jane's B.Kate's and Jane
C.Kate and Jane's
7.(2016•x疆)This is bedroom.It's tidy and nice.( )
A.Lily's and Lucy's B.Lily and Lucy's
C.Lily's and Lucy D.Lily and Lucy
8.(2016•安順)There'll be a ________meeting next week，and my parents will ______come for it.( )
A.parents';all B.parents';both
C.parent's;all D.parent's;both
9.(2016•東營)﹣Are you sure this is a photo _______，the famous comedy actress?
﹣It surprised you，didn't it?But she was once really thin.( )
A.Jia Ling B.Jia Ling's
C.of Jia Ling D.of Jia Ling's
10.(2016•黑龍江)The Belt and Road Initiative (一帶一路倡議)will help China improve with those related countries，especially Pakistan.( )
A.relationship B.agreement C.environment
11.(2016•重慶)﹣﹣﹣It's hot today.Have some ________，please.
﹣﹣﹣No，thanks.I'm not thirsty at all.( )
A.water B.potatoes C.bread D.cakes
12.(2016•綿陽)He was born in Germany，but he has made China his ______.( )
A.family B.address C.house D.home
13.(2016•重慶)It's cold today.Take your______ with you when you go out.( )
A.knife B.coat C.brush D.key
14.(2016•福州)﹣Who is the person you admire the most?
﹣Qian Xuesen，the Father of China's Missiles.He is the ______ of China.( )
A.leader B.pride C.voice
15.(2016•達州)﹣﹣﹣Why did Lucy look unhappy?
﹣﹣﹣Because she was so careless that she made many spelling____in her homework.( )
A.friends B.plans C.decisions D.mistakes
16.(2016•江西)Some old people need a _______ because they feel lonely.( )
A.gift B.stick C.pet D.watch
17.(2016•濱州)﹣Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou?
﹣Yes，she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great.( )
A.surprise B.achievement C.education D.satisfaction
18.(2016•青島)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a ______.( )
A.cough B.toothache C.cold D.fever
19.(2016•蘇州)Steve Jobs was full of﹣always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society.( )
A.instruction B.invitation C.introduction D.invention
20.(2016•廣東)The broken ______may cut into your hand if you touch it，you should be careful.( )
A.glass B.glasses C.candle D.candles
21.(2016•深圳)﹣Mr.White，could you give me someadvice?I have trouble in learning English.
﹣Sure.First，you should be confident and never give up.Second，…( )
A.introductions B.suggestions
C.instructions
22.(2016•自貢)﹣﹣﹣How can I get some_____about the 2016 Olympic Games?
﹣﹣Why not search the Internet?( )
A.information B.experience C.practice
23.(2016•溫州)When an earthquake happens，I think the most important safety _____ is to keep calm( )
A.rule B.doubt C.condition D.problem
24.(2016•孝感)﹣Mom，I will eat less fast food this year，believe me.
﹣If you make a ________，you must keep it.( )
A.joke B.noise C.mistake D.promise
25.(2016•武漢)﹣﹣﹣Look，the boss is very angry with Alex.
﹣﹣﹣Well，he came late again.But that's no______ to shout at him.( )
A.problem B.lesson C.excuse D.Reason
26.(2016•湖北)﹣﹣﹣Look!So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there.
﹣﹣﹣They're for public.This ______ of green smart traffic is everywhere in Xiangyang city.( )
A.number B.pair C.kind D.piece
27.(2016•東營)﹣Why do people never cut up the _______________ on their birthdays?
﹣Because they are a symbol of long life.( )
A.eggs B.cakes C.noodles D.dumplings
28.(2016•德州)Bill will be a/an ___________ to interview the football players in the coming Rio 2016 Olympics.( )
A.guest B.reporter C.tourist D.engineer
29.(2016•山西)During the next few days，I decide to have a good _______ by taking a walk or seeing a movie.I really need to relax.( )
A.meal B.sleep C.rest
30.(2016•河南)﹣﹣Are you going out with Jade tonight?
﹣﹣That's my.Mind your own!( )
A.offer B.business C.question D.chance
參考答案與試題解析
一.選擇題(共30小題)
1.(2016•昆明)Each couple in China can have two_____from January 1st，2016( )
A.boy B.girl C.children D.child
【分析】從2016年1月1日起，中國的每對夫妻可以有兩個孩子.
【解答】答案：C 根據此空前的two，可知此處需要可數名詞的復數形式.boy、girl、child都是單數形式.children為child的復數形式.故選C.
【點評】本題考查可數名詞的復數.可數名詞變復數時一般在詞尾加s.但是也有特殊情況.如child的復數就是children.
2.(2016•重慶)It's sports time.Most ________ students in Class 1are playing football on the playground.( )
A.boy B.boys C.boy's D.boys'
【分析】現在是運動時間.一班的大部分男生在操場上踢足球.
【解答】答案：A
根據句子結構可知該空處在句中作定語修飾名詞students，選項中是名詞boy的各種形式，有其復數形式和單復數的名詞所有格形式，根據名詞作定語常用單數形式，且不隨后面的名詞的數而發生改變(man、woman除外)，故填boy的單數形式即可，故選A.
【點評】本題考查了名詞作定語的形式，根據名詞作定語常用單數形式，結合選項即可選出正確答案.
3.(2016•綏化)Our school has fifty﹣six teachers.( )
A.woman B.women C.woman's
【分析】我們學校有五十六名女教師
【解答】答案：B.根據語境 teachers是復數，因為woman修飾名詞是必須和它修飾的名詞保持數的一致，故woman也應為復數women，所以答案為B.
【點評】本題考查可數名詞的單復數，考生可根據語境作答.
4.(2016•宜賓)Yibin is one of the most beautiful ____in Sichuan.( )
A.city B.cities C.citys
【分析】在四川，宜賓是最美麗的城市之一.
【解答】答案：B 根據"one of the most beautiful…"可知本句是最高級的句子，表示宜賓是最美麗的城市之一.one of后應用名詞的復數形式.city為可數名詞，且是以輔音+y結尾的單詞，故變復數時應該把y變為i加es.故其復數形式為cities.故選B.
【點評】本題考查名詞的復數形式.首先找到one of是做題的關鍵，只有在復數之中才能挑出之一.其次要能正確寫出單詞的復數形式.
5.(2016•南寧)These _______ in beautiful dresses will have a party this evening.( )
A.man B.men C.woman D.women
【分析】這些穿漂亮裙子的女人今天晚上要參加一個晚會.
【解答】答案：D 根據語境these(這些)可知本空應填復數形式，故可排除A，C.根據語境in beautiful dresses(穿漂亮裙子)可知應是女人，故可排除答案B，因此本題答案為D.
【點評】本題考查具體語境中名詞的單復數的應用，在理解句意的基礎上可正確作答.
6.(2016•綏化) room is big and nice.( )
A.Kate's and Jane's B.Kate's and Jane
C.Kate and Jane's
【分析】凱特與簡的房間又大又漂亮.
【解答】答案：C
根據room為單數形式，及is知凱特與簡共用一個房間，根據名詞所有格用法，表示兩者共同擁有只在最后一個人后加's，故應為Kate and Jane's，故選C.
【點評】此題考查名詞所有格的用法，考生需注意仔細審題，其中room是完成該題的關鍵.
7.(2016•x疆)This is bedroom.It's tidy and nice.( )
A.Lily's and Lucy's B.Lily and Lucy's
C.Lily's and Lucy D.Lily and Lucy
【分析】這是Lily和Lucy的臥室，它又整潔又漂亮.
【解答】答案：B
Lily's and Lucy's指兩個分別有的，Lily and Lucy's指兩人共有的;根據It's tidy and nice.可知這是一個臥室，是單數，所以應該是兩人共有的，故選B.
【點評】本題考查名詞所有格，先弄清所有格的用法，再根據情景選擇正確答案.
8.(2016•安順)There'll be a ________meeting next week，and my parents will ______come for it.( )
A.parents';all B.parents';both
C.parent's;all D.parent's;both
【分析】下星期將有一個家長會，我的父母都會來參加的.
【解答】答案：B.由于parent(父母)是一個復數名詞，其所有格應為parents'根據語境my parents(我的父母親)是兩個人，第二空處應填both(兩者都).故答案為：B.
【點評】本題考查名詞的所有格，考生需結合語境才能正確作答.
9.(2016•東營)﹣Are you sure this is a photo _______，the famous comedy actress?
﹣It surprised you，didn't it?But she was once really thin.( )
A.Jia Ling B.Jia Ling's
C.of Jia Ling D.of Jia Ling's
【分析】﹣你確定這是著名的喜劇演員賈玲的照片嗎?
﹣它讓你吃驚了，不是嗎?但是她曾經真得很瘦.
【解答】答案：C
a photo of sb.=sb's photo某人的照片;of…的，'s也表示"…的"，是所有格形式，故選C.
【點評】本題考查名詞所有格，注意所有格的表達方法，根據其形式選擇正確答案.
10.(2016•黑龍江)The Belt and Road Initiative (一帶一路倡議)will help China improve with those related countries，especially Pakistan.( )
A.relationship B.agreement C.environment
【分析】一帶一路倡議將幫助中國改善與那些(沿線)相關國家的關系，尤其是巴基斯坦.
【解答】答案：A;relationship關系; 聯系;agreement協定，協議;environment環境，外界;根據常識，一帶一路倡議將會加強與沿線國家的關系;故根據句中信息The Belt and Road Initiative (一帶一路倡議) will help China improve…with those related countries，especially Pakistan，推測該句句意：帶一路倡議將幫助中國改善與那些(沿線)相關的國家的關系，尤其是巴基斯坦.故選A.
【點評】細讀所提供的選項，認真分析它們的不同含義，然后在理解句意把握語境的基礎上，選擇正確的答案.
11.(2016•重慶)﹣﹣﹣It's hot today.Have some ________，please.
﹣﹣﹣No，thanks.I'm not thirsty at all.( )
A.water B.potatoes C.bread D.cakes
【分析】﹣﹣﹣今天天氣很熱.請喝些水吧.
﹣﹣﹣不，謝謝.我一點也不渴.
【解答】答案：A
根據選項的意思water"水";potato"土豆";bread"面包";cake"蛋糕"，結合答語No，thanks.I'm not thirsty at all"不，謝謝.我一點也不渴."可推知在上文中對方讓他喝點東西，故選A
【點評】首先根據語境，細讀選項中四個名詞的不同含義，然后通過題干中的已供信息，捕捉到解題線索即可選出正確答案.
12.(2016•綿陽)He was born in Germany，but he has made China his ______.( )
A.family B.address C.house D.home
【分析】他出生在德國，但是他已經把中國當做他的家.
【解答】答案：D family家庭，家人;address地址;house房子;home家.根據"made China…"可知這是短語make sth sth(把某物看成某物).可知他只能把中國看成他的家.故選D.
【點評】本題考查名詞的詞義辨析.四個詞的側重點不同.本題考查抽象意義的"家"，注意與"家人"和"房子"的區別.
13.(2016•重慶)It's cold today.Take your______ with you when you go out.( )
A.knife B.coat C.brush D.key
【分析】今天天氣很冷.當你外出時帶上你的外套.
【解答】答案：B 根據It's cold today可知，今天很冷，出門要帶上外套;又知knife意為"小刀";coat意為"外套，上衣";brush意為"刷子";key意為"鑰匙".所以此處應用coat.故選B.
【點評】此題考查名詞詞義辨析.做題時，找準關鍵句判斷所缺意思，再分析各選項含義，篩選出答案.
14.(2016•福州)﹣Who is the person you admire the most?
﹣Qian Xuesen，the Father of China's Missiles.He is the ______ of China.( )
A.leader B.pride C.voice
【分析】﹣你最崇拜的人是誰?
﹣中國導彈之父錢學森，他是中國的驕傲.
【解答】答案：B;leader領導者;pride驕傲;voice嗓音;根據句中信息﹣Qian Xuesen，the Father of China's Missiles推知后面額句意：他是中國的驕傲;故選B.
【點評】比較和分析三個選項的不用含義及其用法是解答該題的關鍵;還要根據句中信息正確推測該句句意，進而作出解答.
15.(2016•達州)﹣﹣﹣Why did Lucy look unhappy?
﹣﹣﹣Because she was so careless that she made many spelling____in her homework.( )
A.friends B.plans C.decisions D.mistakes
【分析】﹣為什么Lucy看起來不高興?
﹣應為她是如此粗心以至于她的作業犯了很多拼寫錯誤.
【解答】答案：D;friend朋友;plan計劃;decision決定;mistake錯誤;根據句中信息she was so careless推測后面的句意：她的作業犯了很多拼寫錯誤;故選D.
【點評】了解每個選項的含義是做好此類題型的關鍵，還要從句意著手，根據句意作出解答;所以，平時的學習中要多進行積累詞匯，才能很好的完成.
16.(2016•江西)Some old people need a _______ because they feel lonely.( )
A.gift B.stick C.pet D.watch
【分析】一些老人需要一個寵物因為他們感到孤獨.
【解答】答案：C
根據選項的意思A、禮物;B、拐杖;C、寵物;D、手表，結合句子的意思是由于老人感覺孤單，因此推知需要有寵物陪伴.故選C
【點評】此題考查名詞詞義辨析.做題時，找準關鍵句判斷所缺意思，再分析各選項含義，篩選出答案.
17.(2016•濱州)﹣Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou?
﹣Yes，she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great.( )
A.surprise B.achievement C.education D.satisfaction
【分析】﹣你知道科學家屠呦呦嗎?
﹣是的，由于她的偉大成就她嬴得了2015年的諾貝爾醫學獎.
【解答】答案：B
surprise驚訝;achievement成就;education教育;satisfaction滿意;贏得諾貝爾獎的人一定是有巨大成就的，故選B.
【點評】本題考查名詞詞義辨析，先弄清所給詞的詞義，再根據情景選擇正確答案.
18.(2016•青島)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a ______.( )
A.cough B.toothache C.cold D.fever
【分析】﹣南希量了體溫并且發現她發燒了.
【解答】答案：D
解析：由題目中看出南希量了體溫，很容易知道她是發燒了，以下四個選項中只有D是發燒的意思 A.cough咳嗽 B.toothache牙疼 C.cold感冒 D.fever發燒，故選D.
【點評】本題主要是考察對生病的幾個單詞的理解，根據題目內容，選擇合適的詞語.
19.(2016•蘇州)Steve Jobs was full of﹣always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society.( )
A.instruction B.invitation C.introduction D.invention
【分析】史蒂夫•喬布斯富有發明創造力，總是產生一些導致社會發生巨大變化的新想法.
【解答】答案：D;instruction教誨;invitation邀請;introduction介紹;invention發明;根據句中信息always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society推知上句句意：史蒂夫•喬布斯富有發明創造力;故選D.
【點評】首先根據語境，細讀選項，然后通過題干中的已供信息，捕捉到解題線索.
20.(2016•廣東)The broken ______may cut into your hand if you touch it，you should be careful.( )
A.glass B.glasses C.candle D.candles
【分析】破碎的玻璃可能會割到你的手，如果你去碰它的話.你應當小心.
【解答】答案：A.
首先明確選項中名詞的意思，A：玻璃/杯子;B：眼鏡/杯子(復數);C：蠟燭(單數);D：蠟燭(復數); 根據設空處后面的動詞cut 推測句意是"破碎的玻璃可能會割到你的手，如果你去碰它的話.你應當小心."，由此判斷句子中缺少"玻璃"一詞，故答案為A.
【點評】了解每個選項的含義是做好此類題型的關鍵，還要從句意著手，根據句意作出解答;所以，平時的學習中要多進行積累詞匯，才能很好的完成.
21.(2016•深圳)﹣Mr.White，could you give me someadvice?I have trouble in learning English.
﹣Sure.First，you should be confident and never give up.Second，…( )
A.introductions B.suggestions
C.instructions
【分析】﹣﹣懷特先生，你能給我一些建議嗎?我學英語有困難.
﹣﹣當然，首先，你應當有信心，永遠不要放棄.其次，…
【解答】答案：B.
首先明確選項中名詞的意思，A：介紹/引進;B：建議;C：說明; 根據原句中的advice"建議"一詞判斷 選項B符合答案，注意suggestion是可數名詞而advice是不可數名詞，故答案為B.
【點評】了解每個選項的含義是做好此類題型的關鍵，還要從句意著手，根據句意作出解答;所以，平時的學習中要多進行積累詞匯，才能很好的完成.
22.(2016•自貢)﹣﹣﹣How can I get some_____about the 2016 Olympic Games?
﹣﹣Why not search the Internet?( )
A.information B.experience C.practice
【分析】﹣﹣我如何能夠得到一些關于2016年奧運會的信息?
﹣﹣為什么不上網搜索呢?
【解答】答案：A.
首先明確選項中名詞的意思，A：信息;B：經歷;經驗;C：練習; 根據上下句結合設空處后面的about the 2016 Olympic Games 推測問句的句意是"我如何能夠得到一些關于2016年奧運會的信息?"，由此判斷句子中缺少"信息"一詞，故答案為A.
【點評】了解每個選項的含義是做好此類題型的關鍵，還要從句意著手，根據句意作出解答;所以，平時的學習中要多進行積累詞匯，才能很好的完成.
23.(2016•溫州)When an earthquake happens，I think the most important safety _____ is to keep calm( )
A.rule B.doubt C.condition D.problem
【分析】當地震發生時，我認為最重要的安全規則是保持冷靜.
【解答】答案：A.
首先明確選項中名詞的意思，A：規則;B：疑慮;C：狀況;D：問題; 根據When an earthquake happens和設空處前面的safety推測句意是"當地震發生時，我認為最重要的安全規則是保持冷靜."，由此判斷句子中缺少"規則"一詞，故答案為A.
【點評】了解每個選項的含義是做好此類題型的關鍵，還要從句意著手，根據句意作出解答;所以，平時的學習中要多進行積累詞匯，才能很好的完成.
24.(2016•孝感)﹣Mom，I will eat less fast food this year，believe me.
﹣If you make a ________，you must keep it.( )
A.joke B.noise C.mistake D.promise
【分析】﹣媽媽，今年我會吃更少的快餐食品，相信我.
﹣如果你許諾了，你必須守信.
【解答】答案：D
make a joke開玩笑;make a noise吵鬧;make a mistake犯錯;make a promise許諾;根據I will eat less fast food this year可知這是一個許諾，故選D.
【點評】本題考查名詞詞義辨析，先弄清所給詞的詞義，再根據情景選擇正確答案.
25.(2016•武漢)﹣﹣﹣Look，the boss is very angry with Alex.
﹣﹣﹣Well，he came late again.But that's no______ to shout at him.( )
A.problem B.lesson C.excuse D.Reason
【分析】﹣﹣看，老板對Alex很生氣.
﹣﹣他又遲到了，但是沒有借口朝著他大喊.
【解答】答案：C.
首先明確選項中名詞的意思，A：問題;B：功課;C：借口;D：理由; 根據語境聯系上下句推測設空處所在句子的句意是"但是沒有借口朝著他大喊."，由此判斷句子中缺少"借口"一詞，故答案為C.
【點評】了解每個選項的含義是做好此類題型的關鍵，還要從句意著手，根據句意作出解答;所以，平時的學習中要多進行積累詞匯，才能很好的完成.
26.(2016•湖北)﹣﹣﹣Look!So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there.
﹣﹣﹣They're for public.This ______ of green smart traffic is everywhere in Xiangyang city.( )
A.number B.pair C.kind D.piece
【分析】﹣看，那邊這么多彩色的自行車排成兩排.
﹣它們是公共自行車，這種綠色智能交通在襄陽市到處可見.
【解答】答案：C
number數字，號碼;pair雙;kind種類;piece張，片;根據So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there.及They're for public.可知此處談論的是城市公共自行車，是一種綠色智能的交通，故選C.
【點評】本題考查名詞詞義辨析，先弄清所給詞的詞義，再根據情景選擇正確答案.
27.(2016•東營)﹣Why do people never cut up the _______________ on their birthdays?
﹣Because they are a symbol of long life.( )
A.eggs B.cakes C.noodles D.dumplings
【分析】﹣生日時為什么人們從來不切斷面條?
﹣因為他們是長壽的象征.
【解答】答案：C
egg雞蛋;cake蛋糕;noodle面條;dumpling餃子;長壽面是長壽的象征，所以此處指的是面條，故選C.
【點評】本題考查名詞詞義辨析，先弄清所給詞的詞義，再根據情景選擇正確答案.
28.(2016•德州)Bill will be a/an ___________ to interview the football players in the coming Rio 2016 Olympics.( )
A.guest B.reporter C.tourist D.engineer
【分析】在即將到來的2016年里約奧運會上Bill將成為一名記者去采訪足球運動員.
【解答】答案：B
guest客人;reporter記者;tourist游客;engineer工程師;根據to interview the football players可知此處應填記者，故選B.
【點評】本題考查名詞詞義辨析，先弄清所給詞的詞義，再根據情景選擇正確答案.
29.(2016•山西)During the next few days，I decide to have a good _______ by taking a walk or seeing a movie.I really need to relax.( )
A.meal B.sleep C.rest
【分析】在接下來的幾天里，我決定好好休息一下，散散步或看看電影.我真的需要放松.
【解答】答案：C.
首先明確選項中名詞的意思，A：一餐;B：睡眠;C：休息; 根據語境推測句意是"在接下來的幾天里，我決定好好休息一下，散散步，看看電影.我真的需要放松."，由此判斷句子中缺少"休息"一詞，have a good rest為固定短語，好好休息.故答案為C.
【點評】了解每個選項的含義是做好此類題型的關鍵，還要從句意著手，根據句意作出解答;所以，平時的學習中要多進行積累詞匯，才能很好的完成.
30.(2016•河南)﹣﹣Are you going out with Jade tonight?
﹣﹣That's my.Mind your own!( )
A.offer B.business C.question D.chance
【分析】﹣﹣今天晚上你要和Jade出去嗎?
﹣﹣這是我的事情，管好你自己的事吧!
【解答】答案：B.
首先明確選項中名詞的意思，A：提議;B：事情;C：問題;D：機會; 根據語境推測答語句意是"這是我的事情，管好你自己的事吧!"，由此判斷句子中缺少"事情"一詞，故答案為B.
【點評】了解每個選項的含義是做好此類題型的關鍵，還要從句意著手，根據句意作出解答;所以，平時的學習中要多進行積累詞匯，才能很好的完成.
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