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2016年初二下英語完型知識點
八年級對于初中生來說是一道坎,隨著新的科目的增加,很多學生由于學習 任務的加重,學習興趣提不起來,成績開始下滑。那么在這個時候怎么把英語學好呢?下面百分網小編為大家提供初二英語的知識要點，希望能幫助到大家!
I. 重點短語
1. on time
2. out of
3. all by oneself
4. lots of
5. no longer
6. get back
7. sooner or later
8. run away
9. eat up
10. take care of
11. turn off
12. turn on
13. after a while
14. make faces
15. teach oneself
16. fall off
17. play the piano
18. knock at
19. to one's surprise
20. look up
21. enjoy oneself
22. help yourself
23. tell a story / stories
24. leave....behind ……
25. come along
26. hold a sports meeting
27. be neck and neck
28. as ... as
29. not so / as ... as
30. do one's best
31. take part in
32. a moment late
33. Bad luck!
34. fall behind
35. high jump
36. long jump
37. relay race
38. well done!
39. take off
40. as usual
41. a pair of
42. at once
43. hurry off
44. come to oneself
45. after a while
46. knock on
47. take care of
48. at the moment
49. set off
50. here and there
51. on watch
52. look out
53. take one’s place
II. 重要句型
1. We’d better not do sth.
2. leave one. oneself
3. find one’s way to a place
4. stand on one’s head
5. make sb. Happy
6. catch up with sb.
7. pass on sth. to somebody
8. spend time doing sth.
9. go on doing sth.
10. get on well with sb.
11. be angry with sb.
12. be fed up with sth.
13. not…until…
14. make room for sb.
III. 交際用語
1. We’re all by ourselves.
2. I fell a little afraid.
3. Don’t be afraid.
4. Help!
5. Can’t you hear anything?
6. I can’t hear anything / anybody there.
7. Maybe it’s a tiger.
8. Let’s get it back before they eat the food.
9. Did she learn all by herself?
10. Could she swim when she was …years old?
11. She didn’t hurt herself.
12. He couldn’t buy himself many nice things.
13. Did he enjoy himself?
14. Help yourselves.
15. Bad luck!
16. Come on!
17. Well done! Congratulations (to…)!
18. It must be very interesting.
19. I don’t think you’ll like it.
20. It seems to be an interesting book.
21. I’m sure (that)… I’m not sure if… I’m not sure what to…
22. I hope so.
23. What was he/she drawing when…?
24. I’m sorry to trouble you.
25. Would you please…?
26. What were you doing at ten o’clock yesterday morning?
27. You look tired today.
28. You’d better go to bed early tonight, if you can.
29. How kind!
30. Let’s move the bag, or it may cause an accident.
31. It’s really nice of you.
32. Don’t mention it.
33. Don’t crowd around him.
IV. 重要語法
1. 不定代詞/副詞的運用;
2. 反身代詞的用法;
3. 并列句;
4. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級;
5. 冠詞的用法;
6. 動詞的過去進行時;
【名師講解】
1. bring/take
Bring表示“帶來、拿來”，指從別處朝說話人所在或將在的地方“帶來、拿來”。而take則表示“拿去、帶走”，它表示的方向與bring相反，指從說話人所在地“拿走、帶走”。如：
Bring me the book, please. 把那本書給我拿來。
Take some food to the old man. 給那位老人帶去些食物。
2. somebody/ anybody/nobody
一般說來，somebody用于定句，anybody用于否定句、疑問句和條件狀語從句。例如：
Somebody came to see you when you were out. 你出來時有人來見你。
Does anybody live on this island? 有人在這島上住嗎?
I didn't see anybody there. 我在那兒誰也沒看見。
Don't let anybody in. I'm too busy to see anybody. 別讓任何人進來。我太忙，誰也不想見。
There is nobody in the room. 房間里沒人。
Nobody told me that you were ill, so I didn't know about it . 誰也沒告訴我你病了。所以我不知道。
3. listen, listen to, hear
這三個詞意思都是“聽”，但是它們的用法不完全相同。它們的區別在于：
(1)listen 只用于不及物動詞，后面接人或人物做賓語，著重于“傾聽”，指的是有意識的動作，至于是否聽到，并非強調的重點。如：
Listen! Someone is singing in the classroom. 聽!有人在教室唱歌。
(2)listen to 為listen的及物形式，后面一定要接人或物做賓語，這里的to是介詞。如：
Do you like listening to light music?你喜歡聽輕音樂嗎?
(3)hear 可用作及物動詞，也可用作不及物動詞，意思是“聽到、聽見”，指用耳朵聽到了某個聲音，表示無意識的動作，著重于聽的能力和結果。如：
We hear with our ears.我們用耳朵聽。
She listens but hears nothing.她聽了聽，但是什么也沒有聽見。
4. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little
(1)many修飾可數名詞，much修飾不可數名詞;都表示許多。例如：
He has many books.他有許多書。
He drank much milk.他喝了許多牛奶。
(2)a few和a little都表示"有一點兒"，側重于肯定，相當于"some"，但a few修
飾可數名詞，a little修飾不可數名詞，例如：
He has a few friends in London.他在倫敦有一些朋友。
Would you like some coffee? Yes, just a little.喝點咖啡好嗎?好的，只要一點。
(3)few和little表示"幾乎沒有"，側重否定。few后接可數名詞，little后接不可數名詞。例如：
He is a strange man. He has few words.他是個怪人，他幾乎不說什么話。
Hurry up, there is little time left.趕快，沒什么時間了。
5. either/ neither/ both
either可作形容詞，一般指"兩者中的任何一個"。有時也可表示"兩個都……"的意思，后跟名詞的單數形式;neither: 指兩者中沒有一個，全否定;both: 指兩者都，肯定。句中可作主語、賓語和定語，both后面應跟名詞的復數形式。如：
Neither of the films is good.兩部電影都不好。(沒有一部是好的)
Either of the films is good. 兩部電影都不錯。(謂語動詞用單數)
Both the teachers often answer the questions.這兩個老師都常常解答問題。
6. take part in/join
take part in參加某種活動; join參加，加入某一政黨或組織。例如：
Can you take part in my party.你能來參加我的派對嗎?
We often take part in many school activities.我們經常參加學校里的一些活動。
He joined the party in 1963. 他1963年入的黨。
My little brother joined the army last year. 我小弟去年參的軍。
7. quite/ rather/ very
(1)quite 表示程度“很，十分，完全地”，“相當”。如：
She is quite right.她對極了。
That's not quite what I want . 那并不完全是我所要的。
(2)rather 表示程度上的“相當”，比預想地程度要大，通常用在不喜歡的情況下。如：It's rather cold today.今天的天氣相當冷。
(3)very表示程度“很，甚，極其，非常”，用于修飾形容詞或副詞，既可用在喜歡的情況下，也可用于不喜歡的情況下。應注意“a very +形容詞+可數名詞的單數”結構中，"a"應置于"very"之前，該結構相當“quite a/an +形容詞+名詞”的結構。如：
Two months is quite a long time. / a very long time. 兩個月是一段很長的時間。
It's a very nice day / quite a nice day. 今天天氣很好。
【考點掃描】
中考考點在本單元主要集中在：
1. 不定代詞/副詞的運用;
2. 反身代詞的用法;
3. 并列句;
4. 形容詞和副詞的比較等級;
5. 冠詞的用法;
6. 動詞的過去進行時;
7. 本單元學過的詞匯、短語和句型;
8. 本單元學過的日常交際用語。
考試形式可以是單項填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年江西省中考試題)
---I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.
---Oh, I am sorry I ___________ dinner at my friend’s home.
A. have B. had C. was having D. have had
【解析】答案：C。該提考查的是動詞的時態。表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作應用過去進行時。
2. (2004年北京市中考試題)
---Which is _________, the sun, the moon or the earth?
---Of course the moon is.
A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest
【解析】答案：D。該提考查的是形容詞的比較等級。三者進行比較，其中最小的應用最高級，而形容詞最高級之前必須加頂冠詞the。
3. (2004年河北省中考試題)
Bob never does his homework _________ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.
A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as
【解析】答案：B。該提考查的是形容詞和副詞的用法區別。空白處所缺的詞是修飾動詞短語does his homework的，應該用副詞。另外，表示“某人做事不如某人細心”應用“not as carefully as”這樣的結構。
4. (2004年吉林省中考試題)
---I like riding fast. It’s very exciting.
---Oh! You mustn’t do it like that, ________ it may have an accident.
A. and B. or C. so D. but
【解析】答案：B。該提考查的是連接并列句的并列連詞的選擇。And通常連接兩個意思一致的并列句，so連接兩個有因果關系的并列句，but連接兩個有轉折關系的并列句，or相當于if not意思是“否則”。
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