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            小升初英語知識點

            時間:2024-08-11 03:34:17 小升初 我要投稿

            小升初英語必備知識點

              1現在進行時

            小升初英語必備知識點

              表示正在發生的事情或進行的動作,常與now,listen,look等詞連用,結構是主語+be動詞(am, is, are)+動詞ing.

              如:It is raining now.

              外面正在下雨

              It is six oclock now.

              現在6點了

              My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.

              我父母正在客廳看報紙

              Look! The children are having a running race now.

              看!孩子們正在賽跑

              問句將be動詞移前,否定句在be動詞后+not.

              2一般現在時

              表示經常反復發生的事情或動作,常與often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year) on Sundays等詞連用。

              結構是主語+動詞原形;當主語為第三人稱單數即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等詞時,動詞后加s或es.

              如:We have an English lesson every day.

              我們每天都要上英語課

              Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.

              男孩比女孩跑的快嗎?是的

              問句借助于do, does否定句借助于dont, doesnt,后面動詞一定要還原。

              3一般過去時

              表示發生在過去的事情或存在的狀態,常與just now; a moment ago; ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等詞連用。

              結構是主語+be動詞的過去式(was; were)或主語+動詞的過去式。

              注意:be動詞與動詞過去式不可同時使用。

              如:My earphones were on the ground just now.

              我的耳機剛剛還在呢。

              Where were you last week? I was at a camp.

              你上個星期去哪了?我去野營了

              What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm

              你昨天去干嘛了?我去參觀農場了。

              問句有be動詞將be動詞移前,沒有be動詞借助于did,后面動詞還原;

              否定句有be動詞在后面加not,沒有借助于didnt后面動詞還原。

              4一般將來時

              表示將要打算發生的事情或動作,常與tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;)today等詞連用。結構是主語+be(am, is, are) going to + 動原或主語+will +動原。

              如:What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.

              你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。

              The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.

              孩子們下個星期將參加運動會。

              Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.

              Tom今晚將和父母去看演出。

              問句將be動詞或will移前;否定句在be動詞或will后加not.

              5情態動詞

              can; can should; shouldn must; may后一定加動詞原形。

              如:The girl cant swim, but he can skate.

              女孩不會游泳,但是會滑冰

              Dont talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.

              不要再課上說話,你應該認真聽老師講。

              6祈使句

              肯定祈使句以動詞原形開頭;否定祈使句以dont加動詞原形開頭。

              如:Open the box for me ,please.

              請為我打開盒子。

              Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.

              劉濤,明天請早點起床!

              Dont walk on the grass!

              不要在草地上走!

              Helen! Dont climb the tree,please.

              海倫!不要爬樹。

              7go的用法

              去干嘛用go +動詞ing

              如: go swimming; go fishing;

              go skating;

              go camping;

              go running;

              go skiing;

              go rowing

              8比較

              than 前用比較級;asas之間用原級。

              如:My mother is two years younger than my father.

              我媽比我爸年輕兩歲。

              Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.

              劉濤跳得和本一樣遠。

              9喜歡做某事

              用like +動詞ing或like+ to + 動原。

              如: Su Yang likes growing flowers.

              蘇陽喜歡種花。

              The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.

              孩子們喜歡在春節去玩花燈。

              10想要做某事

              用 would like +to+動原或want + to +動原。

              例:Id like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum

              11some

              用于肯定句中,在否定句和問句中改為any,但當表示委婉語氣時仍用

              如:Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?

              12代詞

              人稱代詞主格做主語用一般放在句首或動詞前,主格分別是 I you he she it we you they。

              賓格做賓語用,一般放在動詞或介詞后

              如:Open them for me. Let us , join me等。

              賓格分別是me you him her it us you them。

              形容詞性物主代詞放在名詞前,不能單獨使用,分別是my your his her its our your their

              名詞性物主代詞相當于形物加名詞,它只能單獨使用后面不好加名詞,分別是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。

              13介詞

              介詞后要么不加動詞,加動詞只能加動詞ing形式

              如:be good at running;

              do well in jumping;

              14時間介詞

              季節前,月份前用介詞in

              如:in summer;in March

              具體的哪一天如星期幾,幾月幾日用介詞on

              如:on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning

              在幾點鐘前用介詞at

              如: at a quarter to four;

              只在上下午晚上用in

              如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;

              但在夜間用at night。

              另:季節,月份和星期前不好加the.

              15名詞復數構成的方法

              有規則的有:

              (1)直接在名詞后加s

              如orangeoranges; photophotos;

              (2) 以x, s, sh, ch 結尾的加es

              如:boxboxes; glassglasses; waitresswaitresses; watchwatches;peach--peaches

              (3) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加es

              如:studystudies;librarylibraries; hobbyhobbies; familyfamilies;

              (4)以f, fe結尾的改f, fe 為v+es如:knifeknives; thiefthieves(注:以o結尾的我們學過的只有mango加es, mangomangoes其余加s,)

              不規則的有:

              man womanwomen; peoplepeople; childchildren

              16動詞第三人稱單數的構成

              (1)直接在動詞后加s

              如:run dancedances

              (2)以s,sh,ch,o結尾的加es

              如:dogowashwashes;catchcatches

              (3)以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加es

              如:studystudies; carrycarries;

              17現在分詞的構成

              (1)直接在動詞后加ing

              如:singsinging; skiskiing;

              (2)雙寫詞尾加ing

              如:swimswimming; jogjogging;runrunning;

              (3)以不發音的e結尾的去e加ing

              如:rideriding; dancedancing; makemaking;

              18規則動詞過去式的構成

              (1)直接在動詞后加ed

              如:cleancleaned; milkmilked; playplayed;

              (2)以e結尾的直接加d

              如:dancedanced; tastetasted;

              (3) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加ed

              如:studystudied;carrycarried;

              (4)雙寫詞尾加ed

              如:stopstopped; jogjogged;

              不規則的有:am,is are do,does have,has go meet sit see get tell run come stealstole; read

              19形容詞副詞比較級的構成

              規則的:

              (1)直接在形容詞或副詞后加er

              如;smallsmaller; lowlower;

              (2)以e結尾的加r

              如:latelarer;

              (3)雙寫詞尾加er

              如:bigbigger; thinthinner; fatfatter;

              (4) 以輔音字母加y結尾的改y為i加er

              如:heavyheavier; earlyearlier;

              不規則的有:

              good, wellbetter(最高級為best); many, much--- more(最高級為most);

              far---farther;

              20rain與snow的用法

              (1)作為名詞意思是雨水和雪是不可數名詞

              如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那兒的春天有很多雨水。

              (2) 作為動詞意思是下雨和下雪,有四種形式分別是:

              動詞原形rain, snow;

              第三人稱單數rains ,snows;

              現在分詞raining; snowing

              過去式rained; snowed;

              如:①Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。

              ②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天經常下雨。

              ③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。

              ④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。

              (3)形容詞為rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的

              如:It is often rainy here in spring.這兒的春天經常是有雨的。

              If it is rainy tomorrow, Ill stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我將呆在家里。

              21比較級

              注意只有同類事物才可進行比較。

              如:My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine. My computer is nicer than Nancys. My brother is stronger than me.

              22have, has

              表示某人有(has用于第三人稱單數);There is/ are;

              There was/ were 表示某地存在有

              注意There be 句型的就近原則

              單數或不可數用there is /was;

              復數用there are/ were.

              23本身就是復數的詞

              眼鏡glasses; 耳機earphones; 鞋shoes;褲子trousers等詞本身是復數。

              如:My glasses were on the chair just now.

              但如果表示這雙,這副,一雙的時候用單數

              如:There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.

              24五個元音字母:Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;

              25一個的用法

              a用于輔音前不是輔音字母前;an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。

              如:There is an s, a t, a u, a d ,an e, an n,and a t in the word student.

              26時間表示法

              有兩種:

              (1)直接讀時鐘和分鐘。

              如6:10讀成 six ten; 7:30讀成seven thirty; 8:45讀成eight forty-five;

              (2)用to與past表示。

              在半小時包括半小時以內用幾分past幾點

              如:6:10讀成ten past six; 7:30讀成half past seven;

              過了半小時用下一個鐘點差幾分

              如7:45讀成a quarter to eight; 9:50讀成ten to ten;

              27基數詞變序數詞的方法

              基變序有規律,結尾加上th; 一二三特殊例,結尾字母t、d(即first, second, third);

              八去t, 九去e, ve要用f替(即eigheighth; nineninth; five-- fifth ;twelvetwelfth);

              ty改y為ie后加th別忘記(即整十數如twentytwentieth;fortyfortieth);

              幾十幾十位為基個位為序(如第二十一為twenty-first)。

              另外強調序數詞前一定要加the。

              28日期的表示法

              用the+序數詞+ of +月

              如:三月三日 the third of March;

              12月25日 the 25th of December.

              29both 表示兩者都

              如:My parents are both teachers.

              all表示三者以上都

              如:The students are all very excited.

              30節日的表示法

              有day的節日前用on.

              沒有day的節日前用at,

              如:at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Year; on New Years Day.

              31激動興奮的

              excited表示激動的,興奮地主語是人;

              exciting表示令人激動的,令人興奮的主語是事情

              如:The running race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.

              賽跑非常令人激動,因此所有的學生都很激動。

              32比較

              兩者比較用比較級,三者以上比較用最高級

              如:Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does

              誰跑得更快,男孩還是女孩?男孩。

              Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.

              你最喜歡哪個季節?我最喜歡秋天。

              Which season do you like better, summer or winter? I like winter better.

              你更喜歡哪個季節,夏天還是冬天?我更喜歡冬天。

              33動詞還原的用法

              前面用了do, does did, dont, doesnt didnt后面動詞要還原。

              如:Did she watch TV last night?

              Helen doesnt like taking photos.

              34到了

              到達用get to

              但注意到家,到這兒,到那兒不可以加to

              如:get home; get here; get there,

              另外go home; come here; go there也一樣。

              35長著和穿著

              長著什么用with

              如:the girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩;

              穿著什么用in

              如:the man in black穿黑衣服的男人

              或:the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的婦女

              36讓某人做某事

              用let sb后加動詞原形

              如:Lets water the flowers together.

              是該做的時候了用Its time for+名詞或Its time to +動原。

              幫助某人做某事是help sb with sth

              如:幫我學英語是 help me with my English

              37樹上

              外來的東西在樹上用in the tree

              如:the bird in the tree;

              樹上長的用on the tree

              如:the apples on the tree

              38運動和樂器

              球類之前不加the;

              樂器之前必須加the

              如:play the piano; play football

              39一周中的第一天是Sunday; 一年中的第一個月是January

              40get后加比較級表示變得更怎么樣

              如:get stronger; get longer

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