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            高中常考詞匯及解析

            時間:2024-07-13 06:00:32 英語詞匯 我要投稿
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            高中常考詞匯及解析

              詞匯是學習英語的基礎,為了幫大家加深印象,小編整理了高中一些常見的英語詞匯的解析,希望能幫到大家!

               agree that作“認為……”解,其后跟賓語從句。例如:

              I agree that your composition is very good. 我認為你的這篇作文寫得不錯。

              

              allow;let 二者均可作“允許”解,但各有側重:  allow重在“允許”或“容許”,也可表示客氣的請求。例如: He allowed me to take his dictionary.他允許我拿走他的詞典。 Will you allow me to use your bike? 我可以用你的自行車嗎?  let作“允許”或“讓”解,主要用于口語,一般可與allow互換。作“允許”解時,常暗含“聽任”、“默許”之意;作“讓”解時,常含“祈使”或“建 議”之意。注意:let之后作賓補的不定式不帶to,且不可用于被動語態,而allow則相反。例如: Please let me walk with you(=Please allow me to walk with you.).我(請允許我)跟你一起走。注:allow常用于allow sb.to do sth.或allow doing sth.結構中。

              

              although; though; as

              三者均可表示“盡管;雖然”,引導讓步狀語從句。although用法較正式,語氣較強;though較常用;as則主要用于倒裝句。它們的用法有如下幾點值得注意:

               狀語從句由although, though或as引導,主句之前不可有but, and, so, however等并列連詞,但可有yet或still等副詞。although與though常可互換。例如:

              Although/Though he believes it, yet he will not act. 他雖然相信它,但卻不肯有所行動。

               as表示“盡管;雖然”,只能用于倒裝句,即:將表語、狀語或謂語動詞放在as之前。though也可這么用。例如:

              Young as/though he is, he knows a lot. 他雖然年紀不大,卻懂得很多。

              注意:如果表語是單數名詞,要省略a。例如:

              Child as/though he is, he can speak two foreign languages. 雖然他是個孩子,但他會說兩門外語。

               though可以放在句末,表示“但是”,although卻不能。例如:

              They said they would come; they did not, though. 他們說他們會來,可是他們并沒有來。

               although只用來陳述“事實”,不能表示“假設”。因此可以說even though“即使”以及as though“好像(=as if)”,不能說even although或as although。例如:

              I believe you are on duty—even though you’re in plain clothes. 盡管你穿著便衣,我相信你是在值勤。

              

              among/between

              這兩個介詞都有“在……之間”的意思。between常用于兩者之間;among一般指三者或三者以上之間。若指三個以上人或物中的每兩個之間時,仍然要用between。

              例如:The girl walked between her father and mother.這個女孩走在她父親和母親之間。

              She is the tallest among her classmates.她在她同學之間是最高的。

              Switzerland lies between France,Italy,Austria and Germany.

              瑞士位于法國、意大利、奧地利和德國之間。

              

              argue debate dispute 都含“辯論”的意思。 argue 著重“說理”、“論證”和“企圖說服”, 如:

              I argued with her for a long time, but she refused to listen to reason.

              我和她辯論了好久, 但她還是不聽。

               debate 著重“雙方各述己見”, 內含“交鋒”的意思, 如:

              We have been debating about the issue. 我們一直在就這個問題進行辯論。

               dispute 指“激烈爭辯”, 含有“相持不下”或“未得解決”之意,如:

              Whether he will be elected as chairman is still disputed.他是否當選為主席, 仍然有爭論。

              

              argue;quarrel;discuss 這三個動詞均有“爭”的意思,但“爭”法不同。

               argue著重就自己的看法或觀點,提出論證,同他人“爭論”或“辯論”。例如:

              We heard them arguing in the other room.我們聽見他們在另一個房間里爭論。

              另外,argue同with搭配,其后接人;與about連用,其后接事物。例如:

              We argued with them about this problem for a long time.這個問題我們同他們辯論了很長時間。

               quarrel是指對某事不喜歡或強烈不滿而發生的“爭吵”或“吵架”。同with搭配,其后接某人;和about連用,其后接某事。例如:

              He often quarrels about their housework with his wife.他常為家務事同妻子爭吵。

               discuss是指認真交換自己的意見或看法的“討論”。例如:

              We'll discuss the use of the articles tomorrow.明天我們將討論冠詞的用法。

              

              as (so) far as; as (so) long as

               as(so)far as的意思是“就……而言(所知)”,as (so) far as sth.is concerned是其中一種具體用法,意為“就某事而言”;as (so) long as意為“只要”,引導條件狀語從句。如:

              As far as I know, more than million laid-off workers have found their new jobs.

              就我所知,一千多萬下崗工人已經找到了新的工作。

              There is nothing that we can’t do so / as long as we keep on trying to do it.

              只要我們不斷地努力去做,就沒有什么事干不成。

              As far as the tourism of China is concerned, there is a long way to go.

              就中國的旅游業而言,需要做的工作還很多。

              

              asleep/sleeping 二者都是形容詞。asleep僅用作表語,不能作定語,表示“睡著,熟睡”的意思;而sleeping一般只能用作定語,放在名詞前,表示“睡眠中的,休止的”意思。

              如:我們不能說:an asleep baby,但可以說:a sleeping baby(一個熟睡的嬰兒)。

              再如:He was asleep with his head on his arms.他頭枕著手臂在熟睡。

              asleeping dog正在熟睡的狗 sleeping car臥車 sleeping bag睡袋

              

              assert,affirm,maintain  assert宣稱、斷言,常指某人主觀自信,堅持己見,有時不顧客觀事實而斷言下結論。 affirm指以事實為依據,深信不疑地肯定某種觀點或看法。 maintain指在相反的證據或論點面前,重申原來的某種觀點、立場。

              A.Despite all the policeman’s questions the suspect ___ that he had been at home all evening.

              B.It is nonsense to ___ that smoking does not damage people’s health.

              C.Throughout his prison sentence Dunn has always ___ his innocence.

              Answers:A. affirmed B. assert C. maintained

              

              as though;even though;though  as though(=as if),意為“好像;似乎”,引導方式狀語從句或表語從句。如:

              He spoke as though(as if)he had been here before.他說話的口氣好像他以前來過這里。

              It looks as if(as though)it is going to rain.看起來好像要下雨。

               even though(=even if),意為“即使”,引導讓步狀語從句。though也引導讓步狀語從句,意為“雖然”;even though有退一步設想的意味,與though不同。though引導的句子所說的是事實,even though引導的句子所說的則不一定是事實。例如:

              He will not tell the secret even though(even if)he knows it.即使他知道這個秘密,他也不肯說出來。

              He will not tell the secret though he knows it.他雖然知道這個秘密,但他不會說出來。

              

              at the beginning;in the beginning  at the beginning 在……初;在……開始的時候。常與of連用。例如: Students usually have a study plan at the beginning of term. 學生們在開學初制定學習計劃。  in the beginning 相當于at first,表示“起初、開始”時,含“起初是這種情況,而后來卻不是這種情況”之意,不與of連用。例如: In the beginning,some of us took no interest in physics. 起初我們有些人對物理不感興趣

              about; around; round 作副詞時都含“四處”、“遍地”的意思。 about 系常用詞, 如:

              look about四處看。

              around 具有 about 的基本意思, 因此 look about=look around, 但在下列短語里 around沒有 about正式, 如:

              travel around 各處旅行

              round 和 around在非正式用法中可以互換, 但一般用 round時更簡練。在正式用語中, 一般用 round指“旋轉”, 而用 around指“處處”, “到處”, 如:

              She turned round at such a noise. 聽到這樣的吵聲, 她回頭看。

              I have been looking for it all around. 我到處都找過了。

              另外, 英國人用 round的地方, 美國人傾向于用 around, 如:

              [英] Winter comes round.

              [美] Winter comes around.

              above all;after all;at all 

              above all意為“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”,常位于句首或句中,作插入語,起強調作用。如:

              But above all tell me quickly what I have to do.可首先快些告訴我該做什么。

              A clock must above all keeps good time.時鐘最重要的是必須走得準。

               after all意為“畢竟”、“終究”、“終歸”、“到底”,在句中位置較靈活。可位于句首、句中或句末。如:

              After all,your birthday is only two weeks away.畢竟,兩周后就是你的生日。

              He is,after all,a small child.他畢竟還是個小孩子。

              He failed after all.他終于失敗了。

               at all用于否定句時,意為“絲毫;根本”,用于疑問句時意為“究竟;到底”,用于條件句時,常譯為“當真;實在”。用于肯定句中,表示說話人的某種情緒或情感(如懷疑或驚奇等),意為“竟然”等。如:

              He doesn’t like you at all.他根本不喜歡你。

              Are you going to do it at all?你究竟做不做這件事?

              If you do it at all,do it well.若你真要做這件事,就得做好。

              I was surprised at his coming at all.他竟然來了,我很驚訝。

              add; add to; add…to; add up to

              add作“加,增加”解時,既可作及物動詞,又可用作不及物動詞;作“又說,補充說”解時,與直接或間接引語連用。如:

              If the tea is too strong, add some more hot water. 如果茶太濃了,再加點開水。

              After a short while, he added that he would try his best. 過了一會兒,他又接著說他會盡力。

               add to意為“增添,增加,增進”。如:

              The bad weather added to our difficulties. 惡劣的天氣增加了我們的困難。

               add...to意為“把……加到……”,是把前一項加到后一項之后或之中。如:

              Add two to seven, and you will get nine.七加二等于九。

               add up to意為“加起來總共是/累計得”,該短語不用于被動語態。如:

              All his school education added up to no more than one year. 他的學校教育加起來不過一年。

              

              affair; thing; matter; business

               affair意為“事情、事件”, 含義較廣,泛指已做或待做的事;復數affairs一般指商業事務及政府的日常事務,如財政管理、外交事務等。

               thing意為“事情、事物”,不管大事小事、好事壞事均稱為thing,一般不能專指事務;復數things還可作“形勢”解。

               matter側重指須留心的要事或問題、難題。

               business作“事務、事情”解時,一般不能用復數,常常指所指派的任務、責任;有時說的是指派的工作或商業上的買賣活動。

               a great deal; a great deal of

               a great deal用作名詞,意為“大量”,“許多”,作主語、賓語;用作副詞,意為“很”或“非常”,作狀語,修飾動詞或用來強調比較級。如:

              A great deal has been studied and this is the best way. 經過大量研究后,這(被認為)是最好的辦法。

              We are a great deal cleverer than before. 我們比以前聰明多了。

               a great deal of意為“大量的”,“非常多的”,相當于much,作定語,后接不可數名詞。如:

              A great deal of time/money/energy has been spent on the project.

              大量的時間/金錢/能源花在那個工程上了。

              

              agree on;agree to;agree with;agree that

               agree on作“就……取得一致意見”解。例如:

              The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.

              上月,就建一座新汽車廠之事達成了協議。

               agree to有兩層含義和用法:

               其一是to作為動詞不定式符號,其后跟動詞原形,作“同意(答應)做某事”解。

              例如: My father agreed to buy a new pen for me. 父親答應給我買支新鋼筆。

               其二是to作為介詞,之后跟表示“計劃/條件/建議等一類的名詞或代詞”。例如:

              They have a greed to our plan. 他們已同意我們的計劃。

               agree with作“同意某人的意見”解,其后可跟表示人的名詞或代詞,也可跟表示“意見”或“說的話”的名詞或從句。例如:

              He agreed with my opinions. 他同意了我的意見。

              We agreed with what he said at the meeting. 我們同意他在會上講的話。

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